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One disadvantage of direct investment when entering a new global market is


A) intermediaries have the potential to harm the brand.
B) the firm entering the foreign market must pay royalties to the government.
C) the company forgoes control over its product.
D) the financial commitments involved.
E) this method is likely to provide the fewest cost savings relative to the other global market entry options.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Define licensing,cite its advantages and disadvantages,and explain what franchising is.

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Licensing offers the right to a company ...

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The European Union (EU) in early 2017 consisted of 28 countries with more than 500 million consumers.The EU has eliminated most barriers to the free flow of products,capital,and labor across its borders.Which of the following countries is not a member of the EU?


A) Latvia
B) Greece
C) Ireland
D) Switzerland
E) England

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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A global marketer selling consumer products should consider what the __________ is among a country's consumers and how income is distributed to determine a nation's purchasing power to understand the nation's purchasing power.


A) buying capacity
B) currency exchange risk
C) tariff
D) per capita income
E) cost of living

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Almost all countries have some division of social class (upper,middle,and lower) .The determining factor for the assignment to one of these classes may differ from country to country.For example,in the United States,the primary determining factor is occupation; in India,it is birthright; in China,it is geographical region and education; and in Singapore,it is income.These differences are best explained in terms of a country's


A) semiotics.
B) legal system.
C) ethnocentricity.
D) religion.
E) values.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Frito-Lay produces and markets potato chips in Russia that have seafood flavor.This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product adaptation
B) product integration
C) product invention
D) product customization
E) product extension

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following issues raises concerns about the ethics of protectionism?


A) Competitive advantage grows out of continuous improvement.
B) Small firms succeed in foreign niche markets.
C) Tariffs have declined from an average of 40 percent to less than 5 percent.
D) Regional trade agreements may provide preferential treatment for member nations.
E) Pan-European marketing strategies are possible due to greater uniformity in packaging standards.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Describe the World Trade Organization (WTO)and its purpose.

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The World Trade Organization (WTO)was fo...

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Semiotics refers to


A) a field of study in marketing linguistics that identifies the connotative meanings behind words in order to create the most effective product or brand names.
B) a field of study in marketing linguistics that identifies the connotative meanings behind words in order to create the most effective advertising messages.
C) a field of study that examines the correspondence between symbols and their role in the assignment of meaning for people.
D) a field of linguistics that translates words into internationally recognized symbols to help companies carry their product message across international boundaries.
E) the practice where a translated word or phrase is retranslated into the original language by a different interpreter to catch errors.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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The reverence that Japan shows toward its elderly is an example of that nation's


A) values.
B) beliefs.
C) customs.
D) religion.
E) cultural diversity.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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When NestlΓ© actually owns a subsidiary or division in a foreign country,such as its own ice cream manufacturing operation in China,this global market entry strategy is known as __________ and represents the greatest commitment a company can make to international sales.


A) licensing
B) local assembly
C) a joint venture
D) direct investment
E) local manufacturing

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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When a firm sells a product in a foreign country below its domestic price or below its actual cost,the practice is referred to as


A) loss-leader pricing.
B) surplus marketing.
C) dumping.
D) second-market pricing.
E) entrepreneurial pricing.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Yum! Brands,the restaurant division of PepsiCo,has 12,600 KFC restaurants abroad,with more than 3,700 restaurants in China.Many of the latter are locally owned and subject to a contractual agreement that allows the owners to operate the business under the established KFC brand name and according to specific rules.Yum! Brands is engaged in


A) contract assembly.
B) a joint venture.
C) contract manufacturing.
D) a partnership.
E) franchising.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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A global brand refers to


A) two or more domestic products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
B) two or more international products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
C) a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.
D) a brand that is essentially the same but that has had minor adaptations made to meet the more specific needs of different nations.
E) a brand marketed under different names in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Harley-Davidson motorcycles,Gillette razors,and Nike apparel and shoes are being sold in the same form in many countries.This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product customization
B) product adaptation
C) product extension
D) product integration
E) product invention

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Global marketing is affected by economic considerations.Identify the three steps that should be performed when scanning the global marketplace.

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A scan of the global marketplace should ...

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Most companies become involved in direct exporting when


A) foreign governments believe that they will benefit the most from allowing the entry of direct exports.
B) emerging markets in foreign countries become economically viable.
C) they believe their volume of sales will be sufficiently large and easy to obtain so that they do not require intermediaries.
D) the domestic market becomes saturated with competing products and services.
E) evolving technologies in foreign countries come online.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about the emergence of a networked global marketspace is most accurate?


A) Marketspace creates an unfair competitive environment for emerging nations.
B) More business-to-consumer marketing is done on the Internet than business-to-business marketing.
C) The most active participants in the networked global marketspace are companies in developing nations.
D) All business in the networked global marketspace is conducted in English.
E) A networked global marketspace enables the exchange of products, services, and information from sellers anywhere to buyers anywhere at any time and at a lower cost.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Once a company has decided to enter the global marketplace,it must select a means of market entry.One of the four general options is


A) exporting.
B) accreditation.
C) countertrading.
D) cooperative.
E) franchising.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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The four largest importers of U.S.products and services are


A) Japan, Germany, China, and Canada.
B) Canada, Mexico, China, and Japan.
C) China, Brazil, Japan, and Germany.
D) Mexico, Canada, Brazil, and China.
E) England, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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