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Which of the following statements about how women buy cars today is most accurate?


A) For women, safety is about features that would help survive an accident.
B) Women have definite likes or dislikes when buying a car, but they don't feel comfortable expressing their opinions.
C) When it comes to the actual purchase process, women are more adept negotiators than men.
D) Women care more about exterior styles and lines and men are more concerned with cargo space and gas mileage.
E) Women usually shop one dealership before making a decision and men usually shop three.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Ruth,who has no children,wants to buy a special baby gift for her best friend's baby shower,which is this evening.Since she won't have any time between work and the baby shower,she must go today during her lunch break.She is planning on taking her sister with her to help make the selection.Ruth knows she will be ready to buy every baby-oriented product she sees because she wishes that she too was having a baby.Identify each of the situational influences that are described in this scenario.Which situational influence was not described?

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The purchase of a special baby gift for ...

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A consumer's purchases are often influenced by the views,opinions,or behavior of others.Two important aspects of personal influence to marketing are


A) lifestyle and motivation.
B) personality and lifestyle.
C) opinion leadership and word-of-mouth activity.
D) word-of-mouth activity and psychographics.
E) psychographics and demographics.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Consumer behavior includes the actions a person takes in purchasing services and using products and services,including


A) the physical effort spent on these actions.
B) the financial limitations one must overcome to accomplish these actions.
C) the mental and social processes that come before and after these actions.
D) the emotional processes that occur during these actions.
E) the cognitive and attitudinal processes that must be learned to complete these actions.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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The set of values,ideas,and attitudes that are learned and shared among the members of a group is referred to as


A) national character.
B) culture.
C) social class.
D) code of ethics.
E) ethnic ideology.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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In behavioral learning,a __________ is the action taken by a consumer to satisfy a drive.


A) cue
B) demotivator
C) motivator
D) response
E) stimulus

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Perceiving a difference between a person's ideal and actual situations that is big enough to trigger a decision is called


A) problem recognition.
B) alternative evaluation.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) routine response behavior.
E) postpurchase behavior.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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In the VALS framework,consumers whose energy finds outlets in exercise,sports,outdoor recreation,and social activities are referred to as


A) Believers.
B) Strivers.
C) Achievers.
D) Makers.
E) Experiencers.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements about African American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) There have been no observed differences in the consumption patterns of African Americans and Caucasians.
B) African American men spend more on health and beauty products than Caucasian men do.
C) The typical African American family is five years older than the typical Caucasian family.
D) African American purchase behavior is still affected by the historical deprivation in employment and educational opportunities in the United States.
E) African Americans are not price-conscious.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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The ________,a married couple with children younger than 18 years,constitutes just 20 percent of all U.S.households.


A) traditional family
B) typical household unit
C) socialized household
D) family stage
E) idealized family unit

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A filtering of exposure,comprehension,and retention is called


A) selective attention.
B) selective perception.
C) selective intuition.
D) selective retention.
E) stimulus discrimination.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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Define consumer socialization.

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Consumer socialization is a process by w...

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The long-running U.S.Army recruiting advertisement that invited enlistees to "Be All You Can Be" appeals to which Maslow hierarchy of needs level?


A) physiological needs
B) self-actualization needs
C) safety needs
D) social needs
E) personal needs

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about brand loyalty is most accurate?


A) Learning has little effect on brand loyalty because most habits are instinctual.
B) Brand loyalty increases the perceived risk associated with impulse purchases.
C) The incidence of brand loyalty is steadily rising in North America.
D) Brand loyalty results from the positive reinforcement of previous actions.
E) The best way to enhance brand loyalty is to brand all new products with the same brand name.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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In behavioral learning,a need that moves an individual to action is


A) a drive.
B) a cue.
C) an attitude.
D) a response.
E) a reinforcement.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Beliefs refer to


A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) a consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes.
E) the moral and ethical precepts that guide a person's behavior.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a reason that marketing to Hispanics has proven to be a challenge?


A) Hispanics don't consider advertising a credible source of product information.
B) Hispanic communities are spread across the entire country and therefore are difficult to target.
C) The Hispanic subculture is diverse.
D) Hispanics prefer imports to American-made products; they tend to be ethnocentric in their product preferences.
E) Assimilation is valued and the Hispanic community finds cultural target marketing offensive.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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In 31 percent of households,__________ are the primary grocery shoppers,though they may not be the grocery decision makers.


A) teenagers
B) extended family members
C) paid help
D) children of any age
E) men

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Most people already know that Tums,a popular antacid,contains calcium.Today,ads for Tums stress both the fact that it can be used as a calcium supplement and the health benefits of calcium.The new promotion involves changing consumers' attitudes toward Tums by


A) changing beliefs about the extent to which Tums has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing the perceived risk.
E) providing stimulus generalization to prospective buyers.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources,what they consider important in their environment,and what they think of themselves and the world around them is referred to as


A) culture.
B) psychographics.
C) social class.
D) lifestyle.
E) reference group.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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