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Subcultures refer to


A) subgroups within the larger national culture, whose values and beliefs are diametrically opposed to foreign cultures.
B) groups within organizations whose values and beliefs influence the corporate culture.
C) subgroups within the larger, or national, culture with unique values, ideas, and attitudes.
D) stakeholder groups outside an organization whose values and beliefs are contrary to the corporate culture.
E) the designation given to people between the ages of 13 and 24 whose values and beliefs are not yet fully formed but are still influenced both by their families and society.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The family life cycle concept refers to


A) the distinct phases a family progresses through from the birth of children to when the children leave home, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.
B) the distinct phases a family progresses through from the birth of children to retirement, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.
C) the distinct phases a blended family progresses through from marriage to separation, divorce, and remarriage, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.
D) the distinct phases a family progresses through from formation to retirement, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.
E) the intergenerational purchasing habits and product preferences that are passed down from one generation to the next.

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is a concept from behavioral learning theory that marketers use?


A) selective comprehension
B) selective retention
C) stimulus generalization
D) cognitive dissonance
E) routine problem solving

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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What percentage of all consumer conversations about brands happen face to face?


A) 25 percent
B) 33 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent
E) 90 percent

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When a man picks up a bottle of wine and tells the salesclerk,"I'm taking this to a dinner party tonight," which situational influence is being demonstrated?


A) purchase task
B) social surroundings
C) physical surroundings
D) temporal effects
E) antecedent states

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The book The Secret Sales Pitch: An Overview of Subliminal Advertising is about subliminal messages,which reflect what kind of potential influence on the consumer decision making process?


A) sociocultural
B) situational
C) psychological
D) acculturational
E) attitudinal

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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When an elementary school teacher was returning to school in the fall,she wanted to buy markers and craft paper.She remembered the discount website she visited last year for her purchases,so plans to start there to see if the website still carries the items previously purchased.What term best describes the information search method used by the teacher?


A) personal external source
B) public external source
C) market-dominated external source
D) internal search
E) market-dominated internal source

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Glow Pets,from the makers of Pillow Pets,are a light-up pillow product designed for young children.The pillows are colorful animals that produce a soft light for 20 minutes at a time and were produced for children with a fear of the dark.The company aired ads on various TV programs showing children being comforted and sleeping restfully with a Glow Pet,making parents and kids alike desire such a situation.The content of the advertising's message most likely focuses on which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) problem recognition
B) information search
C) alternative evaluation
D) purchase decision
E) postpurchase behavior

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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In the VALS framework,consumers motivated by self-expression desire social or physical activity,variety,and risk.One segment of the two self-expression-motivated groups,known as __________,express themselves and experience the world by working on it-growing vegetables or fixing a car.


A) Strivers
B) Experiencers
C) Believers
D) Makers
E) Survivors

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Which list below presents the Maslow hierarchy of needs in its correct order,beginning with the lowest level need and moving up to the highest level need?


A) personal, social, physiological, psychological, and safety
B) physiological, safety, social, personal, and self-actualization
C) safety, physiological, safety, self-actualization, and personal
D) self-actualization, social, safety, physiological, and personal
E) safety, personal, self-actualization, physiological, and social

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Friendship in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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The fear of physical harm,a large financial outlay required to buy the product,fear of poor product performance,and fear of disapproval from friends can all contribute to


A) consumer angst.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) purchase anxiety.
D) perceived risk.
E) consumer cynicism.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Status in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Explain the differences between routine problem solving,limited problem solving,and extended problem solving.Give an example of when each might be used.

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There are three general variations in th...

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For high-involvement purchases,consumers typically do all of the following except which?


A) spend considerable time evaluating criteria for the consideration set
B) participate in word-of-mouth communication
C) evaluate a single product attribute, such as price
D) consider many brands
E) use both internal and external sources in information search

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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VALS groups of consumers who are motivated by __________ are those who desire social or physical activity,variety,and risk.


A) ideals
B) rewards
C) achievement
D) self-expression
E) success

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which problem solving variation would typically be used for blenders,a restaurant for lunch,or professional ball game tickets?


A) routine response behavior
B) extended problem solving
C) simulated selection
D) integrated problem solving
E) limited problem solving

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Consumers with credit cards


A) are less influenced by physical surrounding than those who pay by cash or check.
B) are influenced to a certain extent by a retailer's physical surroundings to buy more with their credit cards than with cash.
C) purchase more than those who purchase with cash or debit cards.
D) purchase less than those who purchase with cash or debit cards.
E) purchase less when accompanied by children than when in the company of other adults.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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An external search for product information is likely to occur when


A) the cost of gathering information is low.
B) review of past experience provides adequate information.
C) the risk of making a wrong purchase decision is low.
D) the item is frequently purchased.
E) the item is for personal use rather than for professional use.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs,__________ needs involve self-preservation as well as physical and financial well-being.


A) physiological
B) social
C) personal
D) safety
E) self-actualization

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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