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Exam 6: Performance Management

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Avoiding extreme judgments and rating people and objects as average or neutral is known as the _______ perceptual error.

A) halo
B) leniency
C) central tendency
D) recency
E) contrast effects

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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Denise sets a goal of completing the literature review portion of her research paper by Sunday night.This is a(n) ________ goal.

A) behavioral
B) knowledge
C) equity
D) project
E) procedural

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Question 23

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Dr.Hogan carefully chose the final exams written by her best students to read first.They all received excellent grades.After these,she read the rest of the exams and graded most of them average or worse.This is an example of _________ perceptual error.

Polly works as a bartender.A few people wave money at her so that she will serve them first.She finds this to be rude and,so,either ignores them or serves them last.People realize that Polly serves the people who wait politely first,and much of the rude behavior stops.Polly used the model of

Josh runs into heavy traffic every day while driving to work.Yesterday,he left home earlier than usual and did not run into heavy traffic.Again,today,he left earlier and avoided heavy traffic.His behavior of leaving earlier enabled him to avoid heavy traffic and reach the office on time.In which of the following processes did Josh engage?

Which forms of consequences weaken an undesirable behavior?

_________ is behavior that is learned when one acts on the environment to produce desired consequences.

Organizations typically rely on __________ schedules,such as hourly wages and annual reviews and raises.

Explain the differences between monitoring and evaluating performance,and discuss how these are subject to bias.Think of a specific example from your own experience that demonstrates perceptual bias.

Anna blinks her eyes whenever she looks up at the sun.This is an example of

Jeff is rating the other students on his team in an MBA Strategy course.He consistently rates team members who graduated from prestigious undergraduate schools higher than those who graduated from state schools.Is Jeff evaluating the other team members fairly? If not,why not? What is the solution to this situation?

An example of a(n) _____ goal is when Melissa's manager sets a goal for her to produce 16 widgets per hour.

Barney is late to work one morning,so he drives over the speed limit through a school zone.As a result,he gets pulled over by a police officer and receives a ticket.This scenario is an instance of

Effective managers give employees timely and task-specific feedback about what they are doing right,but do not give feedback about what they are doing wrong.

When Jennie sees that the sun is shining brightly,she puts on sunglasses.This is

Negative reinforcement is

A head chef of a restaurant encourages his subordinates to be creative in the culinary arts.He does not believe in using prescribed recipes while cooking.Rather,he allows them to create unique recipes and use different ingredients to prepare dishes.This implies that the head chef established _________ goals.

Jill is a sales representative for a large pharmaceutical corporation.According to the current compensation system,if Jill meets her target for the quarterly sales projections,she will receive a bonus equivalent to 7 percent of her annual salary.Jill is working hard to meet the sales goal so that she can buy a new car.Which of the following is regarding Jill's motivation?

The sales department of a mutual fund firm sets goals for the next fiscal year to sell a certain number of mutual funds each month.The firm only sets targets,but provides no other details.These goals are _____ goals.

Carla has been asked to analyze the needs of Supreme Research's largest clients.She has not done this type of task before,so her supervisor provides feedback on the analysis of each customer.Continuous reinforcement schedules are detrimental when employees are learning a new task or skill.