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The acquired needs identified by McClelland include the need for achievement,the need for affiliation,and the need for esteem.

A) True
B) False

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Curt is a manager at a local restaurant.Most of the staff has been at the restaurant for over five years,but one of the new servers,Kyle,is a problem.He is chronically late and doesn't bother to cover his shift when he calls in sick.However,the restaurant is short-staffed and there aren't a lot of applicants in this area. Curt isn't confident that Kyle will become more responsible.He decides to write a reprimand and put it in Kyle's file,then assign him to "less appealing" shifts.If this doesn't work,he plans to dock Kyle's pay.To what content theory of motivation does Curt subscribe?

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Drawing on his experience as a managemen...

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Research does not support the two-factor aspect of Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory.

A) True
B) False

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Rider & Co.is a distributor.One of its corporate goals is to increase employee productivity by 8 percent.Using this example,explain how goal-setting theory works.

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Goals that are specific and difficult le...

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The need for prestige and reputation is part of the need for


A) love.
B) esteem.
C) self-actualization.
D) safety.
E) physiological.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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An expectancy of zero means that the person


A) does not value the outcomes.
B) does not trust the company.
C) does not feel confident in his or her ability to do the job.
D) is not motivated.
E) is highly motivated.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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______ is not a content theory of motivation.


A) Acquired needs theory
B) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
C) Self-determination theory
D) Expectancy theory
E) Theory X and Theory Y

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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When a person perceives that his or her outcome to input ratio is greater than that of a relevant comparison person,he or she is experiencing negative inequity.

A) True
B) False

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A low valence means that the person


A) does not value the outcomes.
B) does not trust the company.
C) does not feel confident in his or her ability to do the job.
D) is not motivated.
E) is highly motivated.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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__________ is how an individual perceives the movement from performance to outcome.


A) An expectancy
B) An expectation
C) Instrumentality
D) A valence
E) A value

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Joanna is motivated by the feeling that she's done the best she can do.This represents intrinsic motivation.

A) True
B) False

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According to self-determination theory,a manager should provide tangible resources,time,contacts,and coaching to improve employee competence.

A) True
B) False

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"What are the different needs that activate motivation's direction,intensity,and persistence?" This statement reflects which theories of motivation?


A) content
B) process
C) extrinsic
D) equity
E) expectancy

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In McClelland's acquired needs theory,


A) there are five basic needs: power, affiliation, achievement, esteem, and self-actualization.
B) the affiliation need may be either institutional or personal.
C) we are born with our needs, and they merely become stronger over time.
D) we have a need to be satisfied in our jobs.
E) we learn needs as we live our lives.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Ken recently completed his MBA degree.He has received two job offers.Which of the following theories is most useful in predicting the choice that Ken will make?


A) expectancy theory
B) goal-setting theory
C) behavior modification theory
D) equity theory
E) cognitive dissonance theory

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The three key elements of equity theory are outputs,inputs,and a(n)


A) summary of total rewards.
B) sense of fairness and justice in social exchanges.
C) comparison of the ratio of outputs to inputs.
D) total of each person's inputs.
E) acknowledgment of cognitive dissonance.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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_________ theory assumes that competency,autonomy,and relatedness influence our behavior and well-being.


A) Acquired needs
B) Self-determination
C) Job characteristics
D) Expectancy
E) Herzberg's motivator-hygiene

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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ABC Company recently held a company picnic._________ theory would suggest that this kind of event is good because it increases employees' ________.


A) Self-determination; competence
B) Theory Y; performance
C) Maslow's needs hierarchy; satisfaction of physiological needs
D) Self-determination; relatedness
E) Expectancy; valences

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Manuel wanted friendly and close interpersonal relationships with his colleagues.According to McClelland's need theory,this desire is known as a need for


A) power.
B) achievement.
C) affiliation.
D) motivation.
E) safety.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Brian has a Master's degree in electrical engineering and brings 10 years of experience to his current job.He puts in long hours of hard work.Brian receives a salary of $75,000,medical and dental coverage,and two weeks of paid vacation every year.From Brian's perspective,which of the following is an input in the individual-organization exchange relationship?


A) his Master's degree in electrical engineering
B) his salary of $75,000
C) medical coverage
D) paid vacation
E) dental coverage

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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