Question 1

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell takes up naked DNA without cell to cell contact is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Transformation
B)  Conjugation
C)  Replication
D)  Transduction
E)  FixationF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 2

The structure that aids in locomotion of some bacteria is a(an) :

Accepted Answer

A)  Pilus
B)  Flagellum and Cilium
C)  Flagellum
D)  Cilium
E)  Flagellum and PilusF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Cyanobacteria are phototrophic.Which of the following would they also be considered?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterotrophic
B)  Autotrophic
C)  Chemotrophic
D)  Obligate anaerobes
E)  AerobicF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is true of gram-positive bacteria,and not of gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a thick cell membrane
B)  Its cell wall is made of a thick layer of peptidoglycan
C)  It has a nucleus
D)  It is larger, and thus weighs more grams
E)  It is more likely to trigger an immune response and cause inflammation and feverF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obligate anaerobes
B)  Phototrophs
C)  Facultative anaerobes
D)  Autotrophs
E)  AerobicF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

An organism to which oxygen is toxic is an obligate anaerobe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 7

-Methicillin inhibits cell wall production.Why does this make it an effective antibiotic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell wall of human cells is not sensitive to methicillin
B)  Human cells have a plasma membrane in addition to the cell wall that allows them to survive in the presence of methicillin
C)  Human cells do not have cell walls
D)  All humans have a gene giving methicillin resistance
E)  Human cells and bacterial cells are completely different, so methicillin does not affect human cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  A cell membrane
B)  A glycocalyx
C)  A cell wall
D)  A pilus
E)  An endosporeF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Because Archaea were first found in environments that lacked oxygen or were very hot,acidic,or salty,they were nicknamed "Extremeophiles."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 11

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(an) :

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermophile
B)  Halophile
C)  Basophile
D)  Acidophile
E)  HydrophileF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Polymyxins are antibiotics that bind to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria,disrupting both the outer and inner membranes.The hydrophobic tail is important in causing membrane damage,suggesting a detergent-like mode of action.Why doesn't polymyxin also damage human membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because human cells do not have inner and outer membranes
B)  Because human membranes do not contain LPS
C)  Because human cells do not have cell walls
D)  Because human membranes have enzymes that degrade LPS
E)  Because bacterial membranes do not contain phospholipids like human membranesF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

As a budding basic scientist you work in a research laboratory and discover a chemical that removes the cell wall from bacteria but leaves the organism undamaged otherwise.Things that the bacteria will lose because of this include:

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to move
B)  The ability to attach to other cells
C)  The ability to metabolize
D)  The ability to use oxygen
E)  The ability to have a gram stain resultF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

In a tetanus shot,patients are injected with small amounts of tetanospasmin,a toxin produced by the Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus.The gene for this protein is carried on a plasmid in the bacterium.Which of the following is true of this gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is part of the Clostridium tetani chromosome
B)  It cannot go through horizontal gene transfer
C)  It can enter another bacterium by transformation
D)  It cannot go through vertical gene transfer
E)  It is found in the nucleus of the Clostridium tetaniF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to use in treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell receives bacterial DNA from a bacteriophage is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Conjugation
B)  Transformation
C)  Transduction
D)  Replication
E)  FixationF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The structure that assembles proteins in the prokaryote is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasmid
B)  Ribosome
C)  Cell membrane
D)  Endospore
E)  LysosomeF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a bacterium is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Attachment
B)  Resistance to drying
C)  Protein synthesis
D)  Protection from immune system cells
E)  Production of biofilmsF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sex pili
B)  Flagella
C)  Endospores
D)  Attachment pili
E)  CiliaF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small circular chromosomes which supports the endosymbiotic theory that they arose from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses
B)  Other eukaryotic cells
C)  Bacteria
D)  Naked DNA
E)  ProtistsF) A) and C)
G) C) and D) C

Exam 16: Bacteria and Archaea

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell takes up naked DNA without cell to cell contact is:

Correct Answer
verified

The structure that aids in locomotion of some bacteria is a(an) :

Correct Answer
verified

Cyanobacteria are phototrophic.Which of the following would they also be considered?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of gram-positive bacteria,and not of gram-negative bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

An organism to which oxygen is toxic is an obligate anaerobe.

Correct Answer
verified
True

-Methicillin inhibits cell wall production.Why does this make it an effective antibiotic?

Correct Answer
verified

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Correct Answer
verified

Because Archaea were first found in environments that lacked oxygen or were very hot,acidic,or salty,they were nicknamed "Extremeophiles."

Correct Answer
verified

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Correct Answer
verified
False

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(an) :

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

As a budding basic scientist you work in a research laboratory and discover a chemical that removes the cell wall from bacteria but leaves the organism undamaged otherwise.Things that the bacteria will lose because of this include:

Correct Answer
verified

In a tetanus shot,patients are injected with small amounts of tetanospasmin,a toxin produced by the Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus.The gene for this protein is carried on a plasmid in the bacterium.Which of the following is true of this gene?

Correct Answer
verified

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to use in treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

Correct Answer
verified

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell receives bacterial DNA from a bacteriophage is:

Correct Answer
verified

The structure that assembles proteins in the prokaryote is the:

Correct Answer
verified

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a bacterium is:

Correct Answer
verified

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are:

Correct Answer
verified

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small circular chromosomes which supports the endosymbiotic theory that they arose from which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Exam 16: Bacteria and Archaea

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell takes up naked DNA without cell to cell contact is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure that aids in locomotion of some bacteria is a(an) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cyanobacteria are phototrophic.Which of the following would they also be considered?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of gram-positive bacteria,and not of gram-negative bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism to which oxygen is toxic is an obligate anaerobe.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

-Methicillin inhibits cell wall production.Why does this make it an effective antibiotic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because Archaea were first found in environments that lacked oxygen or were very hot,acidic,or salty,they were nicknamed "Extremeophiles."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria is in the structure of their cell membranes.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat consisting of a low pH is a(an) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a budding basic scientist you work in a research laboratory and discover a chemical that removes the cell wall from bacteria but leaves the organism undamaged otherwise.Things that the bacteria will lose because of this include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a tetanus shot,patients are injected with small amounts of tetanospasmin,a toxin produced by the Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus.The gene for this protein is carried on a plasmid in the bacterium.Which of the following is true of this gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to use in treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes in which a cell receives bacterial DNA from a bacteriophage is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure that assembles proteins in the prokaryote is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A function that the glycocalyx does not have for a bacterium is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have relatively small circular chromosomes which supports the endosymbiotic theory that they arose from which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
False

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C