Question 1

Amphibians,birds,and mammals look the most similar as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  newborns
B)  embryos
C)  adults
D)  fossils
E)  juvenilesF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT evidence that supports evolutionary theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  fossil links between species
B)  vestigial structures
C)  analogous structures
D)  embryonic development
E)  shared DNA sequencesF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  streamlined body shape in marine predators
B)  lack of pigmentation and working eyes in cave-dwelling and deep-sea organisms
C)  wings and ability to fly in birds and insects
D)  marsupial moles and placental moles
E)  All answers are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The number of differences between cytochrome c of humans and cytochrome c of other organisms is as follows: Rhesus monkey - 1 difference;pigeon - 12 differences;fruit fly - 24 differences.The order in which these species are most similar to humans is

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhesus monkey,pigeon,fruit fly.
B)  pigeon,Rhesus monkey,fruit fly.
C)  pigeon,fruit fly,Rhesus monkey.
D)  Rhesus monkey,fruit fly,pigeon.
E)  fruit fly,pigeon,Rhesus monkey.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E) A

Question 5

If a structure has no apparent function in one species,yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species,this structure is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous.
B)  homologous.
C)  homeotiC.
D)  vestigial.
E)  heterologous.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Carbon-14 is useful in determining the age of a fossil up to about

Accepted Answer

A)  40,000 years ago.
B)  10,000 years ago.
C)  20,000 years ago.
D)  50,000 years ago.
E)  100,000 years ago.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Absolute dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Accepted Answer

A)  depth within rock layers
B)  radioactive isotopes
C)  a molecular clock
D)  structural features
E)  embryonic structuresF) B) and C)
G) A) and E) B

Question 8

Which of the following is least likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  a bone or shell
B)  a leaf or stem
C)  an organ like an eye or lung
D)  a complete large organism
E)  an organism that died on landF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is most likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  a leaf or stem
B)  a bone or shell
C)  an organ like an eye or lung
D)  a complete large organism
E)  an organism that died on landF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Marsupials are mammals that

Accepted Answer

A)  lay eggs.
B)  do not give live birth.
C)  have evolved recently.
D)  carry their young in a pouch.
E)  breathe through gills.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Within the country of Indonesia,the island of Sumatra has tigers and rhinos,while to the East,the island of Sulawesi has cockatoos and tree kangaroos.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The climates on the two islands are very different,allowing some species to survive,and others not.
B)  Some species can migrate between islands and others cannot.
C)  Animals in Sumatra evolved independently,while those in Sulawesi came from Australia.
D)  Animals in Sumatra came from Asia,while those in Sulawesi came from Australia.
E)  Animals in Sumatra and Sulawesi both came from Asia,but those in Sulawesi migrated farther.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what is the significance of the marine fossil snakes (highlighted in the figure) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is an ancestor to modern-day snakes and has same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
B)  Is an outgroup unrelated to modern-day snakes
C)  Has the same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
D)  Has a common ancestor to modern-day snakes,but placed in a derived group
E)  Is the ancestor to modern-day snakes,but has different anatomical organization than modern-day snakesF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Skeletal organization relating to limbs used for movement in vertebrates would be an example of homologous structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The fossil record is often incomplete,simply because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Why do different mutations accumulate in two species once they diverge?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can no longer mate and exchange mutated genes.
B)  The molecular clock runs at different speeds in different species.
C)  All answers are correct.
D)  Natural selection favors mutations in one species over another.
E)  Convergent evolution causes the difference in mutations.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

The half life of 14C is 5,730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8th the 14C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  5,730 x 2 = 11,460
B)  5,730 x 1 = 5,730
C)  5,730 x 8 = 42,960
D)  5,730 / 8 = 716
E)  5,730 x 3 = 17,190F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 17

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect common ancestry,these structures are

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial.
B)  analogous.
C)  homologous.
D)  homeotic.
E)  heterologous.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Fossils may be

Accepted Answer

A)  from impressions left after an organism decays.
B)  formed as organic matter is replaced by minerals,turning to stone.
C)  formed when plant resin or tar preserves the specimen.
D)  casts from footprints that have filled with mud and then turned to stone.
E)  All answers are correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Earth's history spans about 4.6 billion years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A gene that when mutated leads to organisms with structures in abnormal places is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  parsimonious.
B)  homeotic.
C)  homologous.
D)  vestigial.
E)  dominant.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above B

Exam 13: Evidence of Evolution

Amphibians,birds,and mammals look the most similar as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT evidence that supports evolutionary theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of differences between cytochrome c of humans and cytochrome c of other organisms is as follows: Rhesus monkey - 1 difference;pigeon - 12 differences;fruit fly - 24 differences.The order in which these species are most similar to humans is

Correct AnswerverifiedA

If a structure has no apparent function in one species,yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species,this structure is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon-14 is useful in determining the age of a fossil up to about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Absolute dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is least likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to be preserved as a fossil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marsupials are mammals that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within the country of Indonesia,the island of Sumatra has tigers and rhinos,while to the East,the island of Sulawesi has cockatoos and tree kangaroos.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what is the significance of the marine fossil snakes (highlighted in the figure) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skeletal organization relating to limbs used for movement in vertebrates would be an example of homologous structures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fossil record is often incomplete,simply because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do different mutations accumulate in two species once they diverge?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The half life of 14C is 5,730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8th the 14C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect common ancestry,these structures are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fossils may be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Earth's history spans about 4.6 billion years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A gene that when mutated leads to organisms with structures in abnormal places is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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A

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The half life of ¹⁴C is 5,730 years.If you test a fossilized bone and find that it has 1/8^th the ¹⁴C as a modern bone,you could conclude that it is approximately __ years old.

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B