Question 1

Evolution answers the question of how life began.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The three types of natural selection are

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection,artificial selection,and disruptive selection.
B)  directional selection,artificial selection,and normalizing selection.
C)  disruptive selection,stabilizing selection,and normalizing selection.
D)  disruptive selection,stabilizing selection,and artificial selection.
E)  directional selection,disruptive selection,and stabilizing selection.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what was the independent variable in the figure part b?

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean weight of harvested fish
B)  the generation
C)  the age of the fish
D)  the size at which the fish were harvested
E)  the growth rate of fishF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous recessive?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.64
B)  0.32
C)  0.04
D)  0.16
E)  0.40F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for giraffes with longer necks.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection
B)  disruptive selection
C)  artificial selection
D)  sexual selection
E)  directional selectionF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",a population declines when

Accepted Answer

A)  death rate exceeds reproductive rate.
B)  reproductive rate exceeds death rate.
C)  reproductive and death rates are equal.
D)  smaller animals are selectively removeD.
E)  animals are removed randomly.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

According to Darwin,natural selection usually

Accepted Answer

A)  neither preserves nor rejects harmful variations in a population.
B)  preserves harmful variations and rejects favorable variations in a population.
C)  preserves favorable and harmful variations in a population.
D)  preserves favorable variations and rejects harmful variations in a population.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

The geologist who,in 1830,renewed the idea of uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin.
B)  Charles Lyell.
C)  Alfred Russel Wallace.
D)  Jean Lamarck.
E)  Georges Buffon.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

The relatively short-term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is

Accepted Answer

A)  uniformitarianism.
B)  artificial selection.
C)  microevolution.
D)  natural selection.
E)  macroevolution.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following will NOT lead to evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation creating improved predator avoidance
B)  allele which aids in obtaining food and nutrients
C)  genetic change which better attracts mates
D)  change in allele frequency of a population
E)  non-genetic adjustment to environmental conditionsF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Accepted Answer

A)  allele frequencies change from one generation to the next so evolution occurs.
B)  None of the answers are correct.
C)  allele frequencies change from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur.
D)  allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur.
E)  allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution occurs.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Since the conditions needed for the Hardy-Weinberg principle do not occur in real populations,this principle has no importance in population studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The French taxonomist who,in 1809,was the first scientist to suggest that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities was

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin.
B)  Alfred Russel Wallace.
C)  Jean Lamarck.
D)  Georges Buffon.
E)  Charles Lyell.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Evolution occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  over generations.
B)  during one lifetime.
C)  at birth of an organism.
D)  when a mutation occurs.
E)  All answers are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",larger fish represent ____ in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A)  producers
B)  primary consumers
C)  detritivores
D)  herbivores
E)  keystone predatorsF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what hypothesis were the researchers testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harvesting larger fish would increase the size of fish in future generations.
B)  Harvesting fish randomly would decrease the size of fish in future generations.
C)  Harvesting larger fish would decrease the size of fish in future generations.
D)  Harvesting fish randomly would increase the size of fish in future generations.
E)  Slot limits would decrease the size of fish in future generations.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Carriers of cystic fibrosis have some protection against intestinal infections such as cholera.However,people with two copies of the cystic fibrosis allele develop a life-threatening disease.The mutant allele is very common in people of northern European descent because of

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive selection.
B)  directional selection.
C)  artificial selection.
D)  sexual selection.
E)  stabilizing selection.F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Genetic change in a population through multiple generations defines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  heredity
B)  mitosis
C)  phenotype
D)  evolution
E)  genotypeF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Evolution occurs in individuals,not populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evolution occurs in individuals,not populations.

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Genetic change in a population through multiple generations defines which of the following?

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In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what was the independent variable in the figure part b?

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Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous recessive?

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In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

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The three types of natural selection are

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The relatively short-term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is

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Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for giraffes with longer necks.

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According to Darwin,natural selection usually

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Evolution occurs

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In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",a population declines when

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The French taxonomist who,in 1809,was the first scientist to suggest that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities was

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Since the conditions needed for the Hardy-Weinberg principle do not occur in real populations,this principle has no importance in population studies.

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Evolution answers the question of how life began.

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In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",larger fish represent ____ in an ecosystem.

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The geologist who,in 1830,renewed the idea of uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was

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In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what hypothesis were the researchers testing?

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Carriers of cystic fibrosis have some protection against intestinal infections such as cholera.However,people with two copies of the cystic fibrosis allele develop a life-threatening disease.The mutant allele is very common in people of northern European descent because of

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At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

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Which of the following will NOT lead to evolution?

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Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous recessive?

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