Question 1

In life threatening starvation,the kidneys synthesize glucose by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  secreting erythropoietin
B)  secreting renin
C)  deaminating amino acids
D)  contributing to calcium homeostasis
E)  producing uric acidF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 2

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  medulla
C)  cortical radiate veins
D)  peritubular capillaries
E)  vasa rectaF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal cortex to the renal vein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interlobular v. →\rarr→  interlobar v. →\rarr→  segmental v. →\rarr→  renal v.
B)  Arcuate v. →\rarr→  interlobar v. →\rarr→  segmental v. →\rarr→  renal v.
C)  Interlobar v. →\rarr→  interlobular v. →\rarr→  arcuate v. →\rarr→  renal v.
D)  Segmental v. →\rarr→  arcuate v. →\rarr→  interlobar v. →\rarr→ renal v.
E)  Interlobular v. →\rarr→  arcuate v. →\rarr→  interlobar v. →\rarr→  renal v. F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Cells in the cleft between the afferent and efferent arterioles and among capillaries of the glomerulus are known as mesangial cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Micturition is another term for __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of nitrogenous wastes
B)  glomerular filtration
C)  the countercurrent multiplier process
D)  inflammation of the urinary bladder
E)  the elimination of urineF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 8

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of the afferent arterioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  supply salt and urea to the renal medulla
B)  supply nutrients and oxygen to the renal cortex
C)  supply nutrients and oxygen to the renal medulla
D)  remove metabolic wastes from the renal cortex
E)  remove metabolic wastes from the renal medullaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  renal corpuscle
B)  proximal convoluted tubule
C)  distal convoluted tubule
D)  glomerular capillaries
E)  collecting ductF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

The pigment responsible for the color of urine is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  monochrome
B)  urochrome
C)  cyanochrome
D)  multichrome
E)  pyuriaF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Which two substances are most useful for determining a patient's glomerular filtration rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin and glucose
B)  Inulin and creatinine
C)  Sodium and water
D)  Albumin and inulin
E)  Insulin and ureaF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

The __________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra
B)  liver
C)  ureter
D)  urinary bladder
E)  kidneyF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole
B)  A drop in oncotic pressure
C)  Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole
D)  Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
E)  An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsuleF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerulus
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule
C)  Distal convoluted tubule
D)  Collecting duct
E)  Nephron loopF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

The __________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its __________ innervation is unknown.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic; parasympathetic
B)  parasympathetic; sympathetic
C)  central; peripheral
D)  peripheral; central
E)  enteric; somaticF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium
B)  Sodium chloride
C)  Hydrogen ions
D)  Urea
E)  WaterF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is not composed of cuboidal epithelium?

Accepted Answer

A)  The thin segment of the nephron loop
B)  The thick segment of the nephron loop
C)  The collecting duct
D)  The proximal convoluted tubule
E)  The distal convoluted tubuleF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

A patient enters a hospital after a motorcycle accident.He complains of mid-back pain.X-rays reveal both rib and pelvic fractures.His emergency room examination includes urinalysis.Which of the following findings from the urinalysis would most likely suggest trauma to the kidneys from the accident,but not to the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyuria
B)  Hematuria
C)  Albuminuria
D)  Uremia
E)  PhenylketonuriaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 23: The Urinary System

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not composed of cuboidal epithelium?

Correct Answer
verified

Which two substances are most useful for determining a patient's glomerular filtration rate?

Correct Answer
verified

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of the afferent arterioles.

Correct Answer
verified

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to __________.

Correct Answer
verified

The pigment responsible for the color of urine is called __________.

Correct Answer
verified

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Correct Answer
verified

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Correct Answer
verified

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal cortex to the renal vein?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Correct Answer
verified

Micturition is another term for __________.

Correct Answer
verified

In life threatening starvation,the kidneys synthesize glucose by __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer
verified

The __________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

Correct Answer
verified

The innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its innervation is unknown.

Correct Answer
verified

Cells in the cleft between the afferent and efferent arterioles and among capillaries of the glomerulus are known as mesangial cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 23: The Urinary System

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not composed of cuboidal epithelium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two substances are most useful for determining a patient's glomerular filtration rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of the afferent arterioles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pigment responsible for the color of urine is called __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal cortex to the renal vein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Micturition is another term for __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In life threatening starvation,the kidneys synthesize glucose by __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its __________ innervation is unknown.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells in the cleft between the afferent and efferent arterioles and among capillaries of the glomerulus are known as mesangial cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its innervation is unknown.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified