Question 1

Microevolution is the term that applies to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Any evolution at any scale is considered microevolution.
B)   Large scale changes over a long period of time.
C)   Small scale changes over a long period of time.
D)   Small scale changes over a short period of time.
E)   Changes of any scale within microorganisms.F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 2

In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the pink flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   stabilizing selection.
B)   disruptive selection.
C)   directional selection.
D)   genetic drift.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The effects of genetic drift are more significant in

Accepted Answer

A)   large populations.
B)   small populations.
C)   populations that mate randomly.
D)   populations that are undergoing natural selection.
E)   populations in which the frequency of mutations is high.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up, and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dark moths would continue to be the predominant phenotype.
B)   Birds would now see the dark moths easier than the lighter color moths.
C)   Dark- and light-colored moths would survive in equal numbers.
D)   Both dark and light color moths would be preyed upon equally by birds.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they possessed, then this event is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection.
B)   genetic drift.
C)   founder effect.
D)   industrial melanism.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

In the figure shown here, the bell-shaped curve representing the population illustrates that

Accepted Answer

A)   most individuals are white, few individuals are pink.
B)   most individuals are white, few individuals are yellow.
C)   most individuals are yellow, few individuals are pink.
D)   most individuals are pink, few individuals are yellow or white.
E)   most individuals are yellow and white, few individuals are pink.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

What is the typical mutation rate within a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   1/100,000
B)   1/1000
C)   1/10,000
D)   1/100
E)   1/10F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

The figure shown here represents stabilizing selection. What happens when an individual is produced that possesses a trait far away from the mean value?

Accepted Answer

A)   That extreme individual will likely not survive and reproduce.
B)   That extreme individual will be more likely to survive and reproduce.
C)   That extreme individual will have neither an advantage nor a disadvantage than other individuals.
D)   All phenotypes have equal likelihood of surviving and reproducing.
E)   The average phenotype is less likely to survive and reproduce.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle cell trait an advantage?

Accepted Answer

A)   An environment that has malaria.
B)   An environment that is malaria free.
C)   Environment that is exposed to a large amount of sunlight year round.
D)   Environments that are degraded.
E)   Cold and rainy environments favor the heterozygote.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Dominance causes an allele to become more common.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In random mating,

Accepted Answer

A)   individuals choose the most attractive mate.
B)   there is no influence on mate choice.
C)   breeding occurs between two different species.
D)   breeding occurs between two different subspecies.
E)   fertile offspring are not produced.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Microevolution is not influenced by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   mutation
B)   random mating
C)   gene flow
D)   natural selection
E)   genetic driftF) A) and B)
G) All of the above B

Question 13

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q2 represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   frequency of the dominant allele
B)   frequency of the recessive allele
C)   frequency of the heterozygotes
D)   frequency of the homozygous dominants
E)   frequency of the homozygous recessivesF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

If the average leg size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   disruptive selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   directional selection.
D)   genetic drift.
E)   bottleneck effect.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

What is the genotype of an individual that is lives in protection from both sickle cell disease and malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)   HbAHbA
B)   HbAHbS
C)   HbSHbS
D)   HbS Hbs
E)   HbA HbaF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

If p2 = 0.04, what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.04
B)   0.2
C)   0.32
D)   0.64
E)   0.8F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 17

A female peacock chooses a male as a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   random mating.
B)   assortative mating.
C)   sexual selection.
D)   gene flow.
E)   natural selection.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Why do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ in their reliance on mutations for generating genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prokaryotes are smaller in size than eukaryotes.
B)   Prokaryotes sexually reproduce, eukaryotes do not.
C)   Eukaryotes sexually reproduce, prokaryotes do not.
D)   Eukaryotes possess a nucleus, prokaryotes do not.
E)   Prokaryotes are single-celled, eukaryotes are multicellular.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely an example of a founder effect event?

Accepted Answer

A)   A random small group of a bird population migrates to an island and then returns to breed.
B)   A random large group of a bird population migrates to an island and then returns to breed.
C)   A selected small group of a bird population migrates to an island and then returns to breed.
D)   A random small group of a bird population migrates to an island and does not return to breed.
E)   A random large group of a bird population migrates to an island and does not return to breed.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) D

Question 20

Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated by sexual selection?

Accepted Answer

A)   no mutations
B)   no natural selection
C)   random mating
D)   no genetic drift
E)   no gene flowF) C) and E)
G) D) and E) C

Exam 15: Evolution on a Small Scale

Microevolution is the term that applies to which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the pink flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effects of genetic drift are more significant in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up, and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they possessed, then this event is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the figure shown here, the bell-shaped curve representing the population illustrates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the typical mutation rate within a cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The figure shown here represents stabilizing selection. What happens when an individual is produced that possesses a trait far away from the mean value?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle cell trait an advantage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dominance causes an allele to become more common.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In random mating,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microevolution is not influenced by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q2 represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the average leg size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the genotype of an individual that is lives in protection from both sickle cell disease and malaria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If p2 = 0.04, what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A female peacock chooses a male as a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ in their reliance on mutations for generating genetic variation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely an example of a founder effect event?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated by sexual selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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B

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q² represent?

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If p² = 0.04, what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

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D

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C