Question 1

How does aging affect the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretory activity of endocrine glands decreases.
B)  Normal levels of hormones,particularly growth hormone and sex hormones,often decrease.
C)  Aging reduces the efficiency of endocrine system functions.
D)  Endocrine system imbalances can lead to weight gain or muscle loss.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which is not involved in the feedback loop regulation of thyroid hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothalamus
B)  Thyroid stimulating hormone
C)  Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
D)  Parafollicular cells
E)  Thyrotropic cellsF) C) and E)
G) A) and B) D

Question 3

The hormones secreted by the thymus gland are

Accepted Answer

A)  thymopoietin and thymosins.
B)  thymotropin and thymostatin.
C)  thymopoietin and thymotropin.
D)  thymostatin and thymosins.
E)  thymopoietin and thymostatin.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced and secreted by cells in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus.
B)  is produced only in females.
C)  secretion is regulated by a negative feedback loop.
D)  stimulates ejection of milk from the breasts.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which endocrine gland is paired (meaning that there are two in the body) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreas
B)  Thyroid
C)  Pineal
D)  Thymus
E)  AdrenalF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Thyroid hormone synthesis involves secretion of a glycoprotein called ___________ by the follicular cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  colloid
B)  thyroxine
C)  triiodothyronine
D)  thyroglobulin
E)  tetraiodothyronineF) B) and D)
G) None of the above D

Question 7

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulate blood calcium levels
B)  Stimulate synthesis of glycogen for long-term energy reserves
C)  Regulate blood volume and blood pressure
D)  Prepare the body for emergency situations and prolong fight-or-flight response
E)  Block target cell receptors to prevent binding of secondary hormonesF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Parathyroid hormone stimulates calcitriol synthesis in the kidney and is therefore a tropic hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The parathyroid gland consists of oxyphil cells,alpha cells,and beta cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which anterior pituitary hormone is secreted by cells in the pars intermedia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Follicle-stimulating hormone
B)  Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
C)  Prolactin
D)  Luteinizing hormone
E)  Thyroid-stimulating hormoneF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Which is not secreted by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renin
B)  Calcitriol
C)  Erythropoietin
D)  Inhibin
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Which of these hormone pairs have antagonistic (opposite) effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
B)  Thyroxine and triiodothyronine
C)  Oxytocin and follicle-stimulating hormone
D)  Melatonin and insulin
E)  Antidiuretic hormone and growth hormoneF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Which is not true about the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  It requires iodine to synthesize thyroid hormone.
B)  It is located on the anterior surface of the trachea,inferior to the thyroid cartilage.
C)  It has two lobes connected by a central portion called the commissure.
D)  It secretes thyroid hormone in response to stimulation by TSH.
E)  An enlargement of the thyroid gland is called a goiter.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,________ to the heart and _______ to the sternum.

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior;anterior
B)  posterior;inferior
C)  superior;posterior
D)  superior;anterior
E)  inferior;posteriorF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which is not correct regarding the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adrenal cortex synthesizes over 25 different steroid hormones.
B)  Its yellow color is due to the presence of stored lipids.
C)  It consists of four different layers,or zones.
D)  Each zone of the adrenal cortex synthesizes a different group of hormones.
E)  Corticosteroid synthesis is controlled by the anterior pituitary.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Somatostatin is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  somatotropin.
B)  growth hormone-releasing hormone.
C)  growth hormone-inhibiting hormone.
D)  thyrotropin.
E)  erythropoietin.F) All of the above
G) None of the above C

Question 18

-This figure shows the endocrine system.Which numbers indicate organs that are not considered to be endocrine glands,but which contain endocrine tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,2,4,5
B)  3,5,9
C)  3,4,5,8
D)  1,2,6,8,9
E)  5,9,10F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Hyperthyroidism can be treated by surgical removal of the thyroid gland or by intravenous injection of radioactive iodine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
A: Primary plexus
B: Secondary plexus
C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Accepted Answer

A)  a - b - c
B)  a - c - b
C)  c - a - b
D)  b - a - c
E)  c - b - aF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 20: Endocrine System

How does aging affect the endocrine system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not involved in the feedback loop regulation of thyroid hormone secretion?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The hormones secreted by the thymus gland are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxytocin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which endocrine gland is paired (meaning that there are two in the body) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyroid hormone synthesis involves secretion of a glycoprotein called ___________ by the follicular cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone stimulates calcitriol synthesis in the kidney and is therefore a tropic hormone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parathyroid gland consists of oxyphil cells,alpha cells,and beta cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which anterior pituitary hormone is secreted by cells in the pars intermedia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not secreted by the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these hormone pairs have antagonistic (opposite) effects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not true about the thyroid gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,________ to the heart and _______ to the sternum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct regarding the adrenal cortex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Somatostatin is also known as

Correct AnswerverifiedC

-This figure shows the endocrine system.Which numbers indicate organs that are not considered to be endocrine glands,but which contain endocrine tissues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyperthyroidism can be treated by surgical removal of the thyroid gland or by intravenous injection of radioactive iodine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? A: Primary plexus B: Secondary plexus C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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D

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The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,__ to the heart and _ to the sternum.

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C

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