Question 1

Eutrophication can be caused by excess accumulation of which of the following in a body of water?

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphorus
B)   nitrogen
C)   nitrogen or carbon
D)   nitrogen or phosphorous
E)   carbonF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 2

If there are 10,000 calories of net primary productivity in a field,how much on average will be available to a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)   100 calories
B)   1000 calories
C)   1 calorie
D)   10,000 calories
E)   10 caloriesF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Lichens and mosses that can grow on and erode rock would be considered pioneer species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An insect that resembles the face of a snake is using ___ to avoid predation.

Accepted Answer

A)   chemical defense
B)   camouflage
C)   mutualism
D)   warning coloration
E)   mimicryF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Organisms that obtain their energy from producers or other consumers are

Accepted Answer

A)   heterotrophs.
B)   producers.
C)   autotrophs.
D)   autotrophs and producers.
E)   heterotrophs and producers.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

An insect that resembles leaves is using _____ to avoid predation.

Accepted Answer

A)   camouflage
B)   mimicry
C)   warning coloration
D)   mutualism
E)   chemical defenseF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Why are top-level predators like lions and eagles so rare in a community?

Accepted Answer

A)   Only a small amount of the energy is available to top trophic levels.
B)   It is difficult for them to learn how to capture prey.
C)   They do not breed as fast as other animals.
D)   Their job is to keep the population size of other animals in check.
E)   Because of predation by higher predators.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

When two or more species vie for the same limited resource,_____ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)   competition
B)   succession
C)   stotting
D)   symbiosis
E)   coevolutionF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

In _____,multiple species use the same resource in a slightly different way or at a different time.

Accepted Answer

A)   resource partitioning
B)   intraspecific competition
C)   mutualism
D)   symbiotic inclusion
E)   None of the answer choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Lichens live on the side of trees,getting better access to the sun,with no apparent harm to the tree.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   predation.
B)   commensalism.
C)   herbivory.
D)   mutualism.
E)   parasitism.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Abiotic components of an ecosystem include

Accepted Answer

A)   both living and nonliving components.
B)   all components except animal life.
C)   only animal life.
D)   nonliving components only.
E)   living components only.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Biomagnification usually happens for chemicals that

Accepted Answer

A)   are not readily degraded.
B)   dissolve in water.
C)   are not readily degraded and dissolve in water.
D)   are not readily degraded and do dissolve in fat.
E)   dissolve in fat.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 13

_____ states that two species cannot coexist indefinitely in the same niche.

Accepted Answer

A)   Endosymbiotic theory
B)   Co-inclusion principle
C)   Competitive exclusion principle
D)   Zonal exclusion theory
E)   Second law of thermodynamicsF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The type of succession that occurs in an area where no community previously existed is _____ succession.

Accepted Answer

A)   keystone
B)   tertiary
C)   secondary
D)   primary
E)   climaxF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The sea otter is an omnivore that makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet strongly influences the health,dynamics,and diversity of the entire community of other oceanic species around it.This is an example of a _____ species.

Accepted Answer

A)   None of the answer choices are correct.
B)   keystone
C)   flagstone
D)   capstone
E)   cornerstoneF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Figuer: 
-What is the dependent variable in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   number of plants that died at 65°C
B)   number of plants that died at 37°C
C)   number of plants that could grow at 37°C
D)   number of plants that could grow at 65°CE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Raw sewage within a water ecosystem can kill fish because respiration by the microbes in the sewage reduces the concentration of oxygen within the water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Carbon returns to the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)   as carbon dioxide.
B)   All of the answer choices are correct.
C)   from respiration of plants.
D)   from respiration of animals.
E)   by the burning of fossil fuels.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Figuer: 
-What did the scientists conclude from the data shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plants survived the heat best with virus-infected fungi.
B)   Plants survived the heat best without fungi.
C)   Plants survived the heat best with virus-free fungi.
D)   Plants survived the heat best when not infected by the virus.
E)   Plants survived the heat best when infected by the virus.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Some scientists predict that as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase,the pH of the oceans will drop,threatening coral and organisms with shells.What is the best explanation for this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbon dioxide combines with water to form an acid.
B)   As the pH of the ocean increases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.
C)   As the pH of the ocean decreases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.
D)   Carbon dioxide combines with water to form a base.
E)   As the oceans warm, more water is evaporated, lowering the pH of the remaining water.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Exam 38: Communities and Ecosystems

When two or more species vie for the same limited resource,_____ occurs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An insect that resembles leaves is using _____ to avoid predation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Raw sewage within a water ecosystem can kill fish because respiration by the microbes in the sewage reduces the concentration of oxygen within the water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are top-level predators like lions and eagles so rare in a community?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: -What did the scientists conclude from the data shown in the figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biomagnification usually happens for chemicals that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon returns to the atmosphere

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some scientists predict that as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase,the pH of the oceans will drop,threatening coral and organisms with shells.What is the best explanation for this hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: -What is the dependent variable in this figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eutrophication can be caused by excess accumulation of which of the following in a body of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of succession that occurs in an area where no community previously existed is _____ succession.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An insect that resembles the face of a snake is using ___ to avoid predation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lichens and mosses that can grow on and erode rock would be considered pioneer species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Abiotic components of an ecosystem include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _____,multiple species use the same resource in a slightly different way or at a different time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that obtain their energy from producers or other consumers are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sea otter is an omnivore that makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet strongly influences the health,dynamics,and diversity of the entire community of other oceanic species around it.This is an example of a _____ species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ states that two species cannot coexist indefinitely in the same niche.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If there are 10,000 calories of net primary productivity in a field,how much on average will be available to a primary consumer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lichens live on the side of trees,getting better access to the sun,with no apparent harm to the tree.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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