Question 1

Adaptive immune defenses provide a rapid,broad defense against any infectious agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is part of the adaptive,rather than the innate,immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia that sweep bacteria out of the respiratory tract
B)   the process of inflammation
C)   antibody production
D)   fever production
E)   the complement protein productionF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 3

A phagocyte is a cell that

Accepted Answer

A)   engulfs other cells and debris.
B)   primarily is used to produce antibodies.
C)   produces white blood cells.
D)   produces platelets.
E)   transports oxygen to tissues.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Rh incompatibility is due to an immune reaction to which of the following by a pregnant woman?

Accepted Answer

A)   a self-antigen on red blood cells
B)   a foreign antibody on red blood cells
C)   a foreign antigen on red blood cells
D)   a self-antibody on red blood cells
E)   None of the answer choices is correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

The region of an antibody molecule that recognizes and binds to an antigen is the

Accepted Answer

A)   hinge region.
B)   variable region.
C)   constant region.
D)   base of the antibody molecule.
E)   heavy chain only.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

A doctor who attempted to induce a fever in a patient might be trying to help fight a pathogen or a cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the hygiene hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   People who have more exposure to infectious agents will have an overactive immune system.
B)   People who have less exposure to infectious agents will have an overactive immune system.
C)   People who have better hygiene and are cleaner will have a weaker immune system.
D)   People who have better hygiene and are cleaner will have more infections.
E)   People who have better hygiene and are cleaner will have fewer infections.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 8

The "master cells" of the immune system that initiate and coordinate the adaptive immune response are

Accepted Answer

A)   basophils.
B)   helper T cells.
C)   mast cells.
D)   cytotoxic T cells.
E)   B cells.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

If you were describing to a class of nursing students why a vaccine was being given,you would tell them that it would

Accepted Answer

A)   introduce antibodies into a person.
B)   create immunological memory without causing disease.
C)   introduce synthetic drugs, like sulfa drugs, into a person.
D)   give a person a mild disease.
E)   stimulate the production of blood platelets.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

If a child was allergic to a substance scratched onto their skin,the area would turn red and swollen within about 10 minutes.Which of the following would cause these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)   release of interleukin-10
B)   recruitment of B cells
C)   release of histamine
D)   presence of flatworms
E)   presence of dust mitesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Figuer: 
-What is the dependent variable in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   number of children with allergies to dust mites
B)   if children were infected with flatworms
C)   amount of interleukin-10 produced
D)   number of white blood cells in the children's blood
E)   amount of antibodies in the children's bloodF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 12

HIV-positive people track the progress of their disease with blood tests that measure the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   blood platelets.
B)   B cells.
C)   helper T cells.
D)   cytotoxic T cells.
E)   plasma cells.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Which is an example of active immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)   antibodies produced from a vaccine, or a person receiving an injection of antibodies
B)   a fetus acquiring antibodies through the placenta, or a person receiving an injection of antibodies
C)   a person receiving an injection of antibodies
D)   a fetus acquiring antibodies through the placenta
E)   antibodies produced from a vaccineF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Physical and chemical barriers that form the first line of innate defense include

Accepted Answer

A)   the acidity of the stomach.
B)   tear fluid from the eye.
C)   an unpunctured skin.
D)   mucus and cilia of the respiratory tract.
E)   All of the answer choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Immunological memory results from the production of

Accepted Answer

A)   memory B cells and memory cytotoxic T cells.
B)   mast cells and memory B cells.
C)   memory mast cells.
D)   memory B cells.
E)   memory cytotoxic T cells.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

A transfusion can provide passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Every year the common flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine every year?

Accepted Answer

A)   Our bodies develop resistance to the vaccine and it becomes less effective.
B)   The virus develops resistance to the vaccine.
C)   The virus can mutate into new strains.
D)   People change their habits each year and become susceptible to different strains of the virus.
E)   The common influenza virus can come from many species of animals including cats and dogs.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

A baby receiving antibodies in breast milk from its mother is an example of passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Every year the common flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.How is your body able to raise antibodies against so many new forms of the flu virus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Each B cell can make antibodies against all antigens.
B)   The vaccine contains the antibodies against the strains of flu virus so your body does not need to make them.
C)   Viruses are destroyed by the passive immune system.
D)   Clonal deletion of B and T cells ends recognition of the virus.
E)   Recombination of the gene used to make antibodies leads to variability.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Which of the following function primarily as phagocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)   lymphocytes
B)   macrophages
C)   neutrophils
D)   lymphocytes and macrophages
E)   macrophages and neutrophilsF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Exam 34: The Immune System

Immunological memory results from the production of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Every year the common flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.How is your body able to raise antibodies against so many new forms of the flu virus?

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A baby receiving antibodies in breast milk from its mother is an example of passive immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rh incompatibility is due to an immune reaction to which of the following by a pregnant woman?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Every year the common flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine every year?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a child was allergic to a substance scratched onto their skin,the area would turn red and swollen within about 10 minutes.Which of the following would cause these symptoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adaptive immune defenses provide a rapid,broad defense against any infectious agent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phagocyte is a cell that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following function primarily as phagocytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is part of the adaptive,rather than the innate,immune response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: -What is the dependent variable in this figure?

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A transfusion can provide passive immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of an antibody molecule that recognizes and binds to an antigen is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A doctor who attempted to induce a fever in a patient might be trying to help fight a pathogen or a cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were describing to a class of nursing students why a vaccine was being given,you would tell them that it would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is an example of active immunity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physical and chemical barriers that form the first line of innate defense include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the hygiene hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

HIV-positive people track the progress of their disease with blood tests that measure the number of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "master cells" of the immune system that initiate and coordinate the adaptive immune response are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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