Question 1

Fresh water is much more dilute than the cells of a fish,so the animal constantly takes in water at its gills.How would a freshwater fish osmoregulate?

Accepted Answer

A)   drink seawater and use active transport at the gills to take up salt from the water
B)   drink seawater and use active transport at the gills to get rid of excess salts
C)   produce dilute urine and use active transport at the gills to take up salt from the water
D)   produce dilute urine and use active transport at the gills to get rid of excess salt from the waterE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Based on the figure,what conclusion could the authors deduce from the graph?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nasal cross-section increases with mass.
B)   Nonavian reptiles generally have lower nasal cross-sections than mammals of the same mass.
C)   Nonavian reptiles generally have lower nasal cross-sections than birds of the same mass.
D)   Dinosaurs had some of the highest nasal cross-sections of all nonavian reptiles.
E)   All of the answer choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

If you awoke and looked out your window and saw a gopher shaking,what might be true about the temperature outside?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is very cold, and the gopher is shivering to help thermoregulate.
B)   It is very hot, and the gopher is trying to increase perspiration.
C)   It is hot and dry, causing the gopher to have kidney problems.
D)   Temperatures are moderate, and the gopher may be trying to attract a mate.
E)   None of the answer choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Mammals excrete nitrogenous wastes in which of the following forms?

Accepted Answer

A)   ammonia
B)   urea
C)   nucleotides
D)   uric acid
E)   allatoninF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 5

Alcohol reduces ADH secretion which in turn does which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases tubule permeability to water and thus increases urine volume
B)   decreases tubule permeability to water and thus decreases urine volume
C)   increases tubule permeability to water and thus increases urine volume
D)   increases tubule permeability to water and thus decreases urine volumeE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Countercurrent exchange is used for homeostasis both by some animals experiencing cold conditions and by kidneys in the nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitated diffusion.
B)   active transport.
C)   simple diffusion.
D)   osmosis.
E)   phagocytosis.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

In animals,which of the following help retain body heat?

Accepted Answer

A)   fur, fat, and feathers
B)   fat and feathers
C)   fur and feathers
D)   fur and fat
E)   furF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

You are examining an ecosystem and notice a large insect.When you measure its temperature,you find it to be constant in sun or shade,wind or still air.This indicates that this is,unexpectedly,an insect which is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   homotherm.
B)   ectotherm.
C)   endotherm.
D)   positherm.
E)   thermophile.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Homeostasis is defined as the ability of an organism to

Accepted Answer

A)   anchor itself to the rocks or soil of a body of water.
B)   carry out chemical reactions.
C)   sexually mature.
D)   withstand extreme temperatures.
E)   maintain a stable internal environment.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

One reason for homeostasis in body temperature is that excessively high temperature can lead to protein denaturation and loss of protein function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A nonavian reptile is _____ and has a body temperature _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   ectothermic; that changes with fluctuation in environmental temperature
B)   endothermic; that changes with fluctuation in environmental temperature
C)   ectothermic; maintained by its own metabolism
D)   endothermic; maintained by its own metabolism
E)   All of the anwer choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Like the kidney,a dialysis machine leaves what in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   water
B)   waste
C)   blood cells
D)   salt
E)   glucoseF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

The chemical composition of urine reflects the processes of

Accepted Answer

A)   filtration.
B)   reabsorption.
C)   secretion.
D)   concentration.
E)   All of the answer choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

A penguin's feet are nearly as cold as ice,while the bird's core body temperature is much higher.Which of the following explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   countercurrent heat exchange between warm blood in arteries and cold blood in veins
B)   countercurrent heat exchange between warm blood in veins and cold blood in arteries
C)   Blood supply to the legs is shut off by vasoconstriction.
D)   There are no muscles in the feet of penguins to generate heat.
E)   Heat cannot diffuse from the core of the body to the feet because the feet are too far away.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

In humans,the muscular tube into which urine from the kidney first drains is the

Accepted Answer

A)   urethra.
B)   uvula.
C)   ureter.
D)   urinary bladder.
E)   nephron.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 17

A person with a defect in blood flow to the kidney would have a problem with the _______ artery.

Accepted Answer

A)   brachial
B)   radial
C)   hepatic
D)   renal
E)   carotidF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

If you were faced with a patient with hypertension and wanted to help,you would prescribe diuretics because they _____ blood volume and _____ blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease; increase
B)   increase; increase
C)   decrease; decrease
D)   increase; decreaseE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Turbinates were found in therapsids,extinct reptiles thought to be ancestors of mammals.What could the researchers conclude from this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ectothermy arose before fur.
B)   Ectothermy arose after fur.
C)   Endothermy arose before fur.
D)   Endothermy arose after fur.
E)   Birds did not descend from reptiles.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

A mammal is _____ and has a body temperature _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   ectothermic; that changes with fluctuation in environmental temperature
B)   endothermic; that changes with fluctuation in environmental temperature
C)   ectothermic; maintained by its own metabolism
D)   endothermic; maintained by its own metabolism
E)   None of the answer choices is correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 33: Regulation of Temperature and Body Fluids

Countercurrent exchange is used for homeostasis both by some animals experiencing cold conditions and by kidneys in the nephron loop.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homeostasis is defined as the ability of an organism to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fresh water is much more dilute than the cells of a fish,so the animal constantly takes in water at its gills.How would a freshwater fish osmoregulate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol reduces ADH secretion which in turn does which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A penguin's feet are nearly as cold as ice,while the bird's core body temperature is much higher.Which of the following explains this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mammals excrete nitrogenous wastes in which of the following forms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason for homeostasis in body temperature is that excessively high temperature can lead to protein denaturation and loss of protein function.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are examining an ecosystem and notice a large insect.When you measure its temperature,you find it to be constant in sun or shade,wind or still air.This indicates that this is,unexpectedly,an insect which is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In animals,which of the following help retain body heat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were faced with a patient with hypertension and wanted to help,you would prescribe diuretics because they _____ blood volume and _____ blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical composition of urine reflects the processes of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you awoke and looked out your window and saw a gopher shaking,what might be true about the temperature outside?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nonavian reptile is _____ and has a body temperature _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans,the muscular tube into which urine from the kidney first drains is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like the kidney,a dialysis machine leaves what in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the figure,what conclusion could the authors deduce from the graph?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person with a defect in blood flow to the kidney would have a problem with the _______ artery.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mammal is _____ and has a body temperature _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Turbinates were found in therapsids,extinct reptiles thought to be ancestors of mammals.What could the researchers conclude from this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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If you were faced with a patient with hypertension and wanted to help,you would prescribe diuretics because they _ blood volume and _ blood pressure.

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A nonavian reptile is _ and has a body temperature _.

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A mammal is _ and has a body temperature _.

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