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In the late 1870s,Charles Darwin and his son Francis discovered that if the tip of the grass was covered,phototropism did not occur,even though the rest of the grass was exposed to light.However,if the rest of the plant was covered and only the tip exposed to light,the grass bent a few centimeters below the tip.Which of the following was sensing the light?


A) auxin-detecting cells in the tip of the grass
B) auxin-detecting cells a few centimeters below the tip of the grass
C) auxin-producing cells a few centimeters below the tip of the grass
D) auxin-producing cells in the tip of the grass

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Double fertilization reduces the energetic cost of reproduction.In gymnosperms,the female gametophyte stockpiles food for the embryo in advance of fertilization.The investment is wasted if no zygote ever forms.In contrast,double fertilization ensures that an angiosperm devotes energy to the zygote only if sperm fertilizes the egg.Where is this energy stored in a fertilized angiosperm?


A) zygote
B) endosperm
C) stigma
D) egg
E) pollen

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Cytokinins are plant hormones that stimulate the ripening of fruit.

A) True
B) False

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The sporophyte generation of a plant is _________________ and produces ___________________ spores.


A) haploid; diploid
B) triploid; haploid
C) diploid; haploid
D) multicellular; diploid
E) triploid; diploid

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Gymnosperms are the flowering plants.

A) True
B) False

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What is a seed?


A) a diploid embryo
B) a haploid gametophyte
C) a mature pollen
D) a diploid spore
E) a mature sporophyte

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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The plant hormone that triggers the withering of petals and stamens and promotes fruit ripening is


A) abscisic acid.
B) gibberellins.
C) jasmonic acid.
D) cytokinins.
E) ethylene.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The main pollinators of flowers that have markings visible only under ultraviolet light are


A) flies.
B) bats and moths.
C) bees.
D) beetles.
E) birds.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A seed's response to gravity is called


A) phototropism.
B) chemotropism.
C) gravitropism.
D) thigmotropism.
E) organotropism.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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The portion of a flower that receives the pollen is the


A) anther.
B) ovary.
C) sepal.
D) style.
E) stigma.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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Jasmonic acid is a plant hormone that activates a plant's defenses against predators.

A) True
B) False

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Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that activates a plant's defenses against predators.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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How are animals involved in the life cycle of plants?


A) pollinators and seed dispersers
B) seed germinators
C) pollinators
D) seed dispersers
E) seed dispersers and germinators

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A directional response to touch exhibited by plants is called


A) phototropism.
B) gravitropism.
C) chemotropism.
D) organotropism.
E) thigmotropism.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Whorl two of a flower is made up of the


A) male parts of a flower.
B) female parts of a flower.
C) petals.
D) sepals.
E) stem region.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Where are floral megaspores located?


A) anther
B) ovule
C) sepal
D) stigma
E) corolla

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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The first step in the germination of a plant seed is the absorption of water.

A) True
B) False

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The pollen-producing body of a flower is the


A) stigma.
B) ovary.
C) anther.
D) style.
E) sepal.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Whorl one,the outermost whorl of a flower,is made up of the


A) female parts of a flower.
B) petals.
C) stem region.
D) male parts of a flower.
E) sepals.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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A region of separation that forms near the base of the leaf's petiole when the leaf is shed is the


A) Casparian strip.
B) endosperm.
C) statolith.
D) abscission zone.
E) pericycle.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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