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Exam 7: DNA Structure and Gene Function

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Question 1

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If E. coli bacteria are grown in the absence of lactose, then the repressor will

A) not bind the operator allowing transcription of the lac operon genes.
B) bind the operator allowing transcription of the lac operon genes.
C) not bind the operator preventing transcription of the lac operon genes.
D) bind the operator preventing transcription of the lac operon genes.
E) coli bacteria are grown in the absence of lactose, then the repressor will

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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In humans,typically only infants produce the enzyme lactase to break down lactose.Some adults have changes in _____ that allow transcription factors to bind and turn on expression of the lactase gene into adulthood.

A) enhancers
B) mRNA
C) codons
D) exons
E) RNA polymerase

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Question 3

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If bacteria are infected with bacteriophage containing radioactive ____ the bacteria will now be radioactive.

DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The scientist (scientists) who used enzyme-digesting proteins to show that protein was not the genetic information transferred by bacteria is (are)

The step of translation in which release factors bind to a stop codon is

What would be the first codon translated in the mRNA sequence 5'-GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC-3'?

TheFOXP2 sequences of mice were most different from those of

A DNA sequence that signals a gene's start is a(n)

A diploid cell only has two copies of most genes,but can make hundreds of copies of a protein from those genes per second because

In eukaryotes an mRNA molecule can only be translated by one ribosome at a time.

A poly A tail helps attach the ribosome to the mRNA molecule and may also determine how long the mRNA is retained within the cell.

The Human Genome Project is a multinational project that reported complete identification of more than 20,000 genes in human DNA. Growing understanding has associated "normal" and naturally variable versions of the genes, producing specific proteins for human health and cell functions. Numerous mutated versions of the genes have been associated with particular human health problems and disease, due to the types of cells where mutations occur, the specific genes affected, and the type and extent of mutation. In these cases, the structure and function of proteins is ultimately impacted. Examine these examples to apply your knowledge of mutations to the descriptions provided. -Keratins are structural proteins in skin,hair,and fingernails.One gene,called KRT10,is located on the 17th paired chromosome in humans.It produces a keratin that strengthens skin cells.Researchers have identified several mutations that can lead to rough,damaged,blistering skin because the keratins are not as strong as normal.Each mutation changes a specific amino acid at a particular location in the protein,and so is an example of a(n) ______ mutation.

Based on this study,FOXP2 must be expressed in which tissues?

The 5' and 3' designations used in reference to DNA and RNA sequences are assigned to the

A visiting scientist is introduced to you,and has a current project studying initiation,elongation,and termination.As a result,you know she is studying

If you compared the DNA sequence of a gene with the sequence of the mature mRNA that was transcribed from the gene you would find

The statement that does not correctly associate an RNA type,and its function,is

DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -Most bacteriophages consist of only a _______________ coat and a ____________________ core.

There are only two main types of RNA needed to make proteins.They are tRNA and rRNA.

Amanatin,a toxin from the death cap poisonous mushroom,inhibits RNA polymerase,so it