Question 1

Figuer: 
-What is the dependent variable in the figure shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of defective copies of the CFTR gene in humans
B)   the amount of fluid in the intestines after exposure to cholera toxin
C)   whether or not the subjects were exposed to Vibrio cholera bacteria
D)   whether or not the subjects were exposed to cholera toxin
E)   the number of defective copies of the CFTR gene in miceF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 2

The energy source that powers the process of photosynthesis is

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen.
B)   glucose.
C)   carbon dioxide.
D)   water.
E)   sunlight.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function.
-Reduction means

Accepted Answer

A)   the loss of electrons by a molecule.
B)   the gain of electrons by a molecule.
C)   the loss of oxygen from a cell.
D)   the gain of oxygen by a cell.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Whenever ATP is produced by a chemical reaction some energy is lost into the surroundings as heat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Up to 25% of a cell's ATP is used to run sodium-potassium pumps. Without the resulting sodium and potassium gradients, neurons and muscles cannot fire properly.
-The sodium-potassium pump catalyzes

Accepted Answer

A)   equilibrium.
B)   facilitated diffusion.
C)   osmosis.
D)   active transport.
E)   diffusion.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function.
-Oxidation-reduction reactions

Accepted Answer

A)   remove protons from one molecule and join them to another molecule.
B)   remove electrons from both molecules involved.
C)   remove oxygen from the cell.
D)   never occur at the same time.
E)   occur simultaneously.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The first and second laws of thermodynamics apply to nonliving systems like gasoline engines but do not apply to reactions in living cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 8

Estuaries are locations where rivers flow into oceans, with tidal shifts changing the salt concentrations. Plants and animals that live in estuaries face a dilemma in maintaining water balance inside their cells. During high tide they are in salt water, while at low tide they are in fresh water.
-During low tide a plant cell will have an advantage over an animal cell because of its

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplasts.
B)   nucleus.
C)   cell wall.
D)   plasma membrane.
E)   mitochondria.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

When a cell "burns" food, electrons are released from chemical bonds in the food, and passed through an electron transport chain generating a proton gradient. As the protons pass through an ATPase the energy is used to generate ATP.
-Which of the following are examples of kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons in chemical bonds of the food molecules, proton gradients established, ATP molecules
B)   protons moving through ATPase by facilitated diffusion, ATP molecules
C)   electrons from food molecules moving through electron transport chain, proton gradients established
D)   electrons from food molecules moving through the electron transport chain, and protons moving through ATPaseE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

After the active transport of chloride ions out of the cell by CFTR,why does water follow by osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   The cell is now in a hypotonic solution.
B)   The cell must pump out water to avoid bursting.
C)   The cell is now in a hypertonic solution.
D)   The cell needs to regenerate the ATP used in active transport.
E)   The cell is now in an isotonic solution.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 11

Cofactors,required for correct action of enzymes,are often in our diets as vitamins,minerals,and coenzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 12

Estuaries are locations where rivers flow into oceans, with tidal shifts changing the salt concentrations. Plants and animals that live in estuaries face a dilemma in maintaining water balance inside their cells. During high tide they are in salt water, while at low tide they are in fresh water.
-During high tide a plant or animal would be at risk of

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydration by facilitated diffusion of salts.
B)   cells bursting due to active transport of salts.
C)   dehydration by osmosis of water.
D)   cells bursting by osmosis of water.
E)   dehydration due to active transport of salts.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy to get started.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 14

The CFTR is a normal membrane protein used to move chloride ions out of a cell by active transport.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a reaction coupled with the production of ATP.
B)   equilibrium.
C)   a reaction coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP.
D)   a reduction reaction.
E)   an oxidation reaction.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells by active transport.What can be inferred from this statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Normal initial chloride concentrations are lower on the inside of the cell.
B)   Normal resulting chloride concentrations are higher on the outside of the cell.
C)   CFTR functions as the cystic fibers attach to and pull chlorides through holes in the membrane.
D)   Water will also cross the membrane, with the chlorides, through the CFTR proteins.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

A cell produces proteins when ribosomes (a form of RNA and protein) and transfer RNA (tRNA) work together.Specific amino acids are brought by tRNA into the ribosome,where they are rapidly connected by covalent bonds.This indicates that ribosomes are acting as

Accepted Answer

A)   active sites.
B)   substrates.
C)   reactants.
D)   enzymes.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

One in 25 Caucasians is a carrier for the defective CFTR gene,making it the most common genetic disease in this population.Why would the frequency of defects in CFTR be so common in this population,given the relationship between cholera and CFTR is similar in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carriers with one copy of the defective CFTR gene have decreased resistance to cholera compared to those with no defective copies.
B)   Carriers with one copy of the defective CFTR gene have increased resistance to cholera compared to those with no defective copies.
C)   Only carriers would be able to survive exposure to cholera.
D)   These individuals were exposed to cholera, causing mutations in their CFTR gene that can then be passed on to their children.
E)   Carriers will be more likely to have children who develop cystic fibrosis.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

When electrons are removed from a food molecule it is

Accepted Answer

A)   an exergonic reaction.
B)   an endergonic reaction.
C)   in equilibrium.
D)   being reduced.
E)   being oxidized.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

If you drop a rubber ball it doesn't bounce back to the height you dropped it from.This is consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)   conversion of kinetic energy into entropy.
B)   conversion of entropy into potential energy.
C)   the first law of thermodynamics.
D)   the second law of thermodynamics.
E)   conversion of kinetic energy into potential energy.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Entropy is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A)   complexity.
B)   disorder.
C)   order.
D)   kinetic energy.
E)   potential energy.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Figuer: -What is the dependent variable in the figure shown?

Correct Answer
verified

The energy source that powers the process of photosynthesis is

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Reduction means

Correct Answer
verified

Whenever ATP is produced by a chemical reaction some energy is lost into the surroundings as heat.

Correct Answer
verified

Up to 25% of a cell's ATP is used to run sodium-potassium pumps. Without the resulting sodium and potassium gradients, neurons and muscles cannot fire properly. -The sodium-potassium pump catalyzes

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation-reduction reactions

Correct Answer
verified

The first and second laws of thermodynamics apply to nonliving systems like gasoline engines but do not apply to reactions in living cells.

Correct Answer
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False

Correct Answer
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When a cell "burns" food, electrons are released from chemical bonds in the food, and passed through an electron transport chain generating a proton gradient. As the protons pass through an ATPase the energy is used to generate ATP. -Which of the following are examples of kinetic energy?

Correct Answer
verified

After the active transport of chloride ions out of the cell by CFTR,why does water follow by osmosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Cofactors,required for correct action of enzymes,are often in our diets as vitamins,minerals,and coenzymes.

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy to get started.

Correct Answer
verified
False

The CFTR is a normal membrane protein used to move chloride ions out of a cell by active transport.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells by active transport.What can be inferred from this statement?

Correct Answer
verified

A cell produces proteins when ribosomes (a form of RNA and protein) and transfer RNA (tRNA) work together.Specific amino acids are brought by tRNA into the ribosome,where they are rapidly connected by covalent bonds.This indicates that ribosomes are acting as

Correct Answer
verified

One in 25 Caucasians is a carrier for the defective CFTR gene,making it the most common genetic disease in this population.Why would the frequency of defects in CFTR be so common in this population,given the relationship between cholera and CFTR is similar in humans?

Correct Answer
verified

When electrons are removed from a food molecule it is

Correct Answer
verified

If you drop a rubber ball it doesn't bounce back to the height you dropped it from.This is consistent with

Correct Answer
verified

Entropy is a measure of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Figuer: -What is the dependent variable in the figure shown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The energy source that powers the process of photosynthesis is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Reduction means

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whenever ATP is produced by a chemical reaction some energy is lost into the surroundings as heat.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Up to 25% of a cell's ATP is used to run sodium-potassium pumps. Without the resulting sodium and potassium gradients, neurons and muscles cannot fire properly. -The sodium-potassium pump catalyzes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation-reduction reactions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first and second laws of thermodynamics apply to nonliving systems like gasoline engines but do not apply to reactions in living cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a cell "burns" food, electrons are released from chemical bonds in the food, and passed through an electron transport chain generating a proton gradient. As the protons pass through an ATPase the energy is used to generate ATP. -Which of the following are examples of kinetic energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the active transport of chloride ions out of the cell by CFTR,why does water follow by osmosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cofactors,required for correct action of enzymes,are often in our diets as vitamins,minerals,and coenzymes.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy to get started.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

The CFTR is a normal membrane protein used to move chloride ions out of a cell by active transport.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells by active transport.What can be inferred from this statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell produces proteins when ribosomes (a form of RNA and protein) and transfer RNA (tRNA) work together.Specific amino acids are brought by tRNA into the ribosome,where they are rapidly connected by covalent bonds.This indicates that ribosomes are acting as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One in 25 Caucasians is a carrier for the defective CFTR gene,making it the most common genetic disease in this population.Why would the frequency of defects in CFTR be so common in this population,given the relationship between cholera and CFTR is similar in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When electrons are removed from a food molecule it is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you drop a rubber ball it doesn't bounce back to the height you dropped it from.This is consistent with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Entropy is a measure of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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False

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True

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False

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