Question 1

Which statement is not part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)   The amount of energy in the universe is constant.
B)   None of the answer choices are correct.
C)   Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
D)   Energy can be converted to other forms of energy.
E)   Any energy transformation loses some energy to its surroundings as heat.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

An endergonic reaction is a reaction that is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   yielding larger product molecules than the original reactants.
B)   yielding smaller product molecules than the original reactants.
C)   having products with lower energy than the reactants.
D)   having products with higher energy than the reactants.
E)   often having higher energy in product molecules than the reactants, and yielding larger product molecules.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function.
-Oxidation means

Accepted Answer

A)   the loss of electrons from a molecule.
B)   the loss of oxygen by a cell.
C)   the gain of electrons by a molecule.
D)   the gain of oxygen by a cell.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Cholera is a bacterial disease, in which fatal dehydration can occur due to loss of water into the intestines.  Cystic fibrosis is a human genetic disease characterized by excess mucus buildup on the linings of the lungs, making breathing difficult. Cholera acts on intestine cells to force water transport out of the cells and the body. Cystic fibrosis has an abnormal CFTR transport protein that limits water transport out of the cells and the body.
-How does the bacteria that causes cholera,Vibrio cholera,trigger potentially life-threatening diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cholera toxin inhibits CFTR leading to decreased transport of water into the intestines.
B)   Cholera toxin inhibits CFTR leading to increased transport of water into the intestines.
C)   Cholera toxin stimulates CFTR leading to decreased transport of water into the intestines.
D)   Cholera toxin stimulates CFTR leading to increased transport of water into the intestines.
E)   Cholera toxin causes a DNA genetic mutation that modifies the function of CFTR proteins.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

The molecular reactants for photosynthesis are

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose and carbon dioxide.
B)   glucose and sunlight.
C)   organic compounds.
D)   glucose and water.
E)   water and carbon dioxide.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Figuer:
This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. 
-The region of an enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   active site.
B)   binding pocket.
C)   catalyst site.
D)   reaction site.
E)   cofactor site.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

A serving of 30 grams of almonds may have 190 Calories listed on a nutrition label.This represents

Accepted Answer

A)   enough energy to raise the temperature of 190 grams of water 1 °C.
B)   enough energy to raise the temperature of 30 grams of water 190 °C.
C)   enough energy to raise the temperature of 30 kilograms of water 190 °C.
D)   enough energy to raise the temperature of 190 kilograms of water 1 °C.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Figuer:
This diagram summarizes energy transfers and molecule exchanges among plants and animals, as you will learn later we call producers and consumers. 
-Plants require energy to perform photosynthesis,in which glucose is formed from carbon dioxide and water,and stores energy.This is a(n) _____ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   kinetic energy
B)   exergonic
C)   endergonic
D)   potential energy
E)   equilibriumF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Of these membrane transport processes,which do (does) not make use of a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

A)   phagocytosis
B)   facilitated diffusion
C)   neither osmosis nor facilitated diffusion
D)   pinocytosis
E)   osmosisF) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Phagocytosis of an infective bacterium by a white blood cell is a subset type of

Accepted Answer

A)   exocytosis.
B)   facilitated diffusion.
C)   simple diffusion.
D)   endocytosis.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Movement of molecules down a concentration gradient is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction.
B)   kinetic energy.
C)   active transport.
D)   oxidation.
E)   potential energy.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of these membrane transport processes does not require membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   active transport pumps
B)   facilitated diffusion
C)   endocytosis
D)   osmosisE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Phagocytosis is a process that cells use to move materials in through the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

For animals and other organisms consuming food,the molecular reactants to cellular respiration are

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon dioxide and water.
B)   entropy.
C)   digestive enzymes.
D)   glucose and oxygen.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The metabolic rate of individuals is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   the amount of body fat.
B)   the amount of thyroxin produced by the thyroid.
C)   age.
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.
E)   weight.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Much medical advice towards heart health indicates that you should eat less sodium (table salt) .Notable higher risks of high sodium may include high blood pressure and damage to arteries or organs in your body.If you eat a single meal with large amounts of salt to suit your taste,which of these may result within minutes,as the sodium enters your bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)   Simple diffusion of water and sodium will both balance in an isotonic condition between arteries and body tissues.
B)   You should expect no change in the concentration gradient because of a single meal, rather than lifestyle and diet.
C)   Your blood will become hypotonic, and water in your body tissues will flow into your arteries, inflating them.
D)   Your blood will become hypertonic, and water in your body tissues will flow into your arteries, inflating them.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Figuer:
This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. 
-The molecule that fits into the active site of an enzyme and reacts with the enzyme is

Accepted Answer

A)   an analog.
B)   a substrate.
C)   always a carbohydrate.
D)   always broken down by the enzyme.
E)   always a protein.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Once ATP donates its phosphate to a coupled reaction it becomes ADP.The ADP

Accepted Answer

A)   can be recharged in an exergonic reaction to form ATP.
B)   is a waste product that must be broken down.
C)   can be recharged in an endergonic reaction to form ATP.
D)   becomes the needed potential energy source for another coupled reaction.
E)   can be recharged in an oxidation reaction to form ATP.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Determine which of these statements best summarizes the cellular regulation of concentration gradients.

Accepted Answer

A)   Enzymes are used in the cell to build molecules on one side of membranes to establish concentration gradients.
B)   Passive and active transport both function when vesicles transport materials across the cell membranes.
C)   Membrane phospholipids and proteins regulate transport functions to establish concentration gradients or equilibria.
D)   Selective permeability of the cell membranes results in equal amounts of substances inside and outside the cell.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Why does phenylalanine accumulate in patients with phenylketonuria?

Accepted Answer

A)   They lack an enzyme to break down phenylalanine.
B)   They produce too much phenylalanine.
C)   They lack an enzyme to produce phenylalanine.
D)   They lack an inhibitor of an enzyme to break down phenylalanine.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Of these membrane transport processes,which do (does) not make use of a vesicle?

Correct Answer
verified

Once ATP donates its phosphate to a coupled reaction it becomes ADP.The ADP

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation means

Correct Answer
verified

The molecular reactants for photosynthesis are

Correct Answer
verified

Movement of molecules down a concentration gradient is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these membrane transport processes does not require membrane proteins?

Correct Answer
verified

Phagocytosis is a process that cells use to move materials in through the cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

A serving of 30 grams of almonds may have 190 Calories listed on a nutrition label.This represents

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is not part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An endergonic reaction is a reaction that is characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The metabolic rate of individuals is influenced by

Correct Answer
verified

Figuer: This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. -The molecule that fits into the active site of an enzyme and reacts with the enzyme is

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Determine which of these statements best summarizes the cellular regulation of concentration gradients.

Correct Answer
verified

Figuer: This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. -The region of an enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Phagocytosis of an infective bacterium by a white blood cell is a subset type of

Correct Answer
verified

Why does phenylalanine accumulate in patients with phenylketonuria?

Correct Answer
verified

For animals and other organisms consuming food,the molecular reactants to cellular respiration are

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Of these membrane transport processes,which do (does) not make use of a vesicle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once ATP donates its phosphate to a coupled reaction it becomes ADP.The ADP

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation means

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The molecular reactants for photosynthesis are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Movement of molecules down a concentration gradient is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these membrane transport processes does not require membrane proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phagocytosis is a process that cells use to move materials in through the cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A serving of 30 grams of almonds may have 190 Calories listed on a nutrition label.This represents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is not part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An endergonic reaction is a reaction that is characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The metabolic rate of individuals is influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. -The molecule that fits into the active site of an enzyme and reacts with the enzyme is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Determine which of these statements best summarizes the cellular regulation of concentration gradients.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: This diagram shows the basic structure and function of an enzyme, acting to catalyze a cell's chemical reaction. -The region of an enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phagocytosis of an infective bacterium by a white blood cell is a subset type of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does phenylalanine accumulate in patients with phenylketonuria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For animals and other organisms consuming food,the molecular reactants to cellular respiration are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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