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In healthy skin,the production of epidermal cells is closely balanced with the loss of skin cells.

A) True
B) False

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In areas of the skin where the epidermis is thin,the ________ may be absent.


A) stratum lucidum
B) stratum granulosum
C) stratum corneum
D) stratum basale

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A future treatment for baldness may potentially be


A) head massages.
B) high protein shakes.
C) scalp transplants.
D) stem cells from the bulb region at the base of hair follicles.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Blood with excess oxygen causes cyanosis.

A) True
B) False

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Nerve fibers scattered throughout the dermis are associated with


A) hair,melanocytes,and pores.
B) bone,tendons,and muscles.
C) fingernails and toenails.
D) muscles,glands,and sensory receptors.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The subcutaneous layer is


A) made of squamous epithelium.
B) part of the basement membrane.
C) between the epidermis and the dermis.
D) not part of the skin.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The advantage of cryo-electron tomography is that it


A) enables cells to divide continually.
B) is cheaper than other methods.
C) provides a static view of the skin.
D) preserves intercellular junctions.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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The granulations that appear during the healing of a large,open wound are composed mainly of


A) blood clots.
B) phagocytic cells.
C) fibroblasts surrounding blood vessels.
D) scar tissue.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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After a severe burn,new skin may grow outwards from the hair follicles.New growth begins here because


A) the hair follicles are very resistant to fire and heat.
B) a person has many hair follicles.
C) a hair follicle contains stem cells in the bulb region.
D) the hair follicles are located in the subcutaneous layer.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The skin appears yellowish if a person eats too much


A) collagen.
B) carotene.
C) cyanin.
D) melanin.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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A warm surface loses heat to the air molecules continuously circulating over it by


A) radiation.
B) evaporation.
C) conduction.
D) convection.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The layer of the epidermis that includes melanocytes and a single row of columnar cells that undergo mitosis is the


A) stratum corneum.
B) stratum granulosum.
C) stratum spinosum.
D) stratum basale.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A burn affecting only the epidermis is a


A) superficial partial-thickness burn.
B) deep partial-thickness burn.
C) second degree burn.
D) third degree burn.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Three physiological factors that affect the color of skin are: volume of blood in dermal vessels,carotene in the subcutaneous layer,and various diseases.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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True

Sunlight,ultraviolet light,and X rays all darken skin because they increase blood flow to the dermis.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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____________ sweat glands become active at puberty and possess ducts that open into hair follicles.

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Two thieves steal jewelry,and then drop it as they are escaping.The police recover the jewelry,and an officer explains on the evening news that fingerprints were obtained from the back of a watch.The thieves,whose prints are not on file,believe that they can escape prosecution by using acid to remove the epidermis on their fingerpads,so as not to be a match for the fingerprints on the watch.They are wrong because


A) the prints arise from the subcutaneous layer,which is not destroyed.
B) the prints arise from friction ridges of the dermis,which are not destroyed.
C) the epidermis will regrow the friction ridges in a day.
D) the friction ridges will not grow back in the same pattern.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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B

Which of the following is a normal response to excessive loss of body heat in a cold environment?


A) Dermal blood vessels constrict.
B) Sweat glands become active.
C) Smooth muscles relax.
D) Dermal blood vessels dilate.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is not correct concerning the skin?


A) The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis.
B) The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium.
C) The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis.
D) The dermis contains smooth muscle and nervous tissue.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The amount of keratin protein produced during keratinization determines hair color.

A) True
B) False

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False

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