A) become more similar in their gene pools.
B) become isolated from each other.
C) develop into different species.
D) adapt to different conditions and become separate.
E) become the same population.
G) A) and D)
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A) gene flow.
B) genetic drift.
C) mutation.
D) nonrandom reproduction.
E) natural selection.
G) A) and B)
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A) presence of a jaw
B) presence of hair
C) give birth to live young
D) lay eggs
E) production of milk to nourish their young
G) B) and C)
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A) There is no reproductive isolation to prevent gene flow.
B) They are already two separate species and the intermediate forms are hybrids.
C) The color forms are probably not genetically determined.
D) There must be some unknown factor producing an equal stabilizing selection "to hold the species together."
E) This will result in the formation of two species if given long enough time.
G) D) and E)
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A) Postzygotic Isolation
B) Temporal Isolation
C) Behavioral Isolation
D) Habitat Isolation
E) Mechanical Isolation
G) A) and B)
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A) gene flow continues between subpopulations.
B) reproduction between all subpopulations is impossible.
C) a geographic separation occurs between subpopulations.
D) wide phenotype differences appear between subpopulations.
E) subpopulations are still able to interbreed.
G) A) and C)
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A) fossil record
B) biogeography
C) comparative anatomy
D) comparative embryology
E) comparative biochemistry
G) B) and D)
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A) allelic changes in one direction are balanced by changes in the opposite direction.
B) there is no directional trend in selection of mates since most individuals marry someone.
C) individuals are not pairing up by chance across the whole population, and genetic drift is more likely to change gene frequencies.
D) this increases gene flow.
E) we accumulate adaptive traits that improve the population.
G) All of the above
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A) One that shows the most changes in nucleotide sequences.
B) One that eliminates any similar DNA sequences.
C) One that shows the DNA unique to that species.
D) One that shows the fewest changes in the nucleotide sequences.
E) Still one that uses the same system of parsimony.
G) All of the above
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A) began as one species and therefore remain one species.
B) were originally two species and remain two species.
C) were originally two species but are now one species.
D) were originally one species but are now two species.
E) The number of species cannot be determined from the information given.
G) A) and C)
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A) natural selection.
B) a bottleneck effect.
C) a founder effect.
D) vestigial structures.
E) industrial melanism.
G) C) and E)
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A) genetic drift
B) founder effect
C) microevolution
D) directional selection
E) mutation rate
G) All of the above
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A) Fruit flies subjected to intense radiation breed a wider array of variable offspring.
B) A chemical leaking from the surface of an old abandoned coal mine alters a regulatory gene so that a cricket nymph develops an extra set of eyes.
C) The bacteria that cause gonorrhea, a common sexually transmitted disease, have previously been killed by penicillin; however after continuous usage of the antibiotic, penicillin-resistant strains are now becoming prevalent.
D) Radiation causes an alteration of a DNA nucleotide sequence which is discovered when mapped, but which appears to be neither increasing nor decreasing in successive generations.
E) Offspring always have the same coloration as the parents.
G) A) and C)
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A) Lower rock layers are older than surface layers.
B) Common assemblages of indicator fossils occur in layers with primitive layers lower.
C) Radioisotopes decay at constant rates and the ratio of isotopes-to-stable elements provides a relative age.
D) Carbon 14 should double in a sample every 5,730 years and so can be used to date organic matter.
E) Absolute and relative dating methods can both be used.
G) C) and D)
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A) a virus leading to disease and massive loss of life.
B) dinosaurs preying upon each other until they became extinct.
C) a meteor impact at the end of the Cretaceous Era that caused major cooling.
D) new chemicals and ions in the environment which caused dinosaurs to become sterile.
E) mammals who were more adapted and more able to acquire similar resources.
G) A) and C)
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A) Fossils from all other strata can still be found underneath if you dig far enough.
B) All periods of fossils had to be laid down in the backyard but higher ones were eroded away.
C) Fossils were mainly deposited when your backyard was sediment, so many layers might be missing, but any layer from Cenozoic to Paleozoic might be found.
D) Fossils were mainly deposited when your backyard was sediment, so many layers might be missing, but any layer from earlier Mesozoic through Paleozoic might be found.
E) Only one layer of fossils can be found at any site.
G) B) and C)
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A) mutations.
B) genetic drift.
C) gene flow.
D) nonrandom mating.
E) natural selection.
G) B) and C)
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A) makes life more interesting.
B) allows the species to survive if the environment changes.
C) means that the gene pool is constant and unchanging.
D) makes genetic drift an unlikely occurrence.
E) will lead to non-random mating.
G) B) and C)
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A) no net mutations
B) no net migration of alleles into or out of the population
C) small population with genetic drift
D) no selection of one genotype over another
E) sexually reproducing and random mating population
G) None of the above
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A) geographical isolation.
B) ecological isolation.
C) behavioral isolation.
D) physiological isolation.
E) temporal isolation.
G) A) and B)
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