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Why would it make sense to have the birthing process controlled by a positive feedback loop?


A) because there is a definite cutoff point to be reached
B) because birth is a positive experience
C) because there is no sensor involved
D) because there is no stimulus involved
E) because there is a fluctuation of hormones above and below the level necessary to induce birth

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Which feature(s) helps distinguish the subcutaneous layer from the epidermis and dermis?


A) The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue.
B) The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and contains various sensory receptors.
C) The epidermis is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue.
D) The subcutaneous layer is composed of fibrous connective tissue, such as collagen and elastic fibers.
E) The subcutaneous layer contains melanocytes which will give skin its' pigmentation.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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Which type of tissue contains cells close together and connected to a basement membrane?


A) hyaline cartilage
B) elastic cartilage
C) muscle tissue
D) nerve tissue
E) epithelial tissue

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Collagenous and elastic fibers are found in what type of tissue?


A) epithelial
B) muscle
C) nerve
D) connective
E) simple squamous

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of these is NOT a part of a neuron?


A) cell body
B) dendrite
C) axon
D) neuroglial cell
E) nucleus

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Bone


A) is made of only a hard matrix of inorganic (mainly calcium) salts.
B) lacks the collagen fibers found in cartilage.
C) is laden with blood vessels and canaliculi to deliver nutrients.
D) is built by bone cells called osteons.
E) is formed by concentric rings of bone cells in canaliculi.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which function is NOT correctly matched to its type of tissue?


A) Adipose tissue stores fat.
B) Reticular connective tissue produces blood cells.
C) Connective tissues bind organs together and provide support and protection.
D) Loose fibrous connective tissue encloses internal organs including muscles.
E) Dense connective tissue is muscle that contracts.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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What is the function of neuroglial cells?


A) support and nourish neurons
B) conduction of nerve impulses
C) production of new neurons
D) deposition of inorganic salts
E) produce the matrix

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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List the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity and indicate the main organs that are found within each of the subdivisions.

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The subdivisions of the ventral body cav...

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What tissue is found in pads between the vertebrae?


A) Bone
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Hyaline cartilage
E) Stratified squamous epithelial tissue

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is NOT a basic type of tissue?


A) muscular
B) nervous
C) urinary
D) epithelial
E) connective

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which is NOT a true statement about the blood component?


A) Red blood cells provide the major transport for oxygen.
B) Blood contains a matrix of collagen fibers made by cells.
C) Platelets are not complete cells.
D) White blood cells either engulf disease organisms or form antibodies for immunity.
E) Plasma makes up slightly over half of human blood volume to provide a liquid in which blood solids can flow.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Usually it is not possible to penetrate inside a body cavity without cutting through protective tissues.However,sperm reach the egg via the vagina,uterus,and fallopian tubes (oviducts) .Without crossing any epidermal barrier,the sperm can find itself inside which body cavity?


A) thoracic
B) pelvic
C) pericardial
D) dorsal
E) pleural

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which layer of the skin protects the body from bacterial infection and water loss?


A) dermis
B) epidermis
C) connective tissue layer
D) hyaline cartilage
E) basement membrane

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Some anesthetics are also very effective in stopping the food from moving through the intestine.Therefore,after an operation,the surgeon will not permit a patient to eat until the digestive system is moving food again,and a patient has to suck on ice until there is some evidence the digestive tract is functioning.Without knowing more about the anesthetics,what is the likely mode of action of the anesthetic?


A) The anesthetic probably slows the cardiac muscle which in turn slows all other organ systems.
B) The anesthetic probably affects nerves that slow all skeletal muscle actions.
C) The anesthetic probably affects nerves that slow all smooth muscle actions.
D) The anesthetic probably affects nerves that stop all homeostatic actions.
E) The anesthetic probably affects nerves that stop all muscle contraction.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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During a football game an offensive lineman is hit in the legs from the side.Upon examination by the physical trainer it was determined that the player has a dislocated knee.There was a significant amount of damage to the entire knee joint.What are the main tissues and membranes that would have been damaged?


A) skeletal muscle, connective tissues, and the synovial membrane
B) skeletal muscle, connective tissues, and the mucous membrane
C) smooth muscle, connective tissues, and the synovial membrane
D) skeletal muscle, connective tissues, and the serous membrane
E) none of these choices are correct

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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To which system do the kidneys and bladder belong?


A) urinary
B) nervous
C) integumentary
D) endocrine
E) musculoskeletal

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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A home heating system is an example of a positive feedback mechanism.

A) True
B) False

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If a burn victim loses most of his skin,what symptom would NOT be present?


A) a decrease in thirst and water intake due to dry surface tissues
B) intense pain from exposed nerve endings
C) constantly cold due to a lack of body insulation
D) serious risk of infection from microbial agents
E) vitamin D deficiency

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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In which direction does a nerve impulse usually move?


A) cell body \rarr dendrite \rarr axon
B) dendrite \rarr axon \rarr cell body
C) dendrite \rarr cell body \rarr axon
D) axon \rarr cell body \rarr dendrite
E) axon \rarr dendrite \rarr cell body

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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