Question 1

Which organ system excretes nitrogenous wastes?

Accepted Answer

A)   The urinary system
B)   The cardiovascular system
C)   The integumentary system
D)   The digestive system
E)   The respiratory systemF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   renal corpuscle
B)   proximal convoluted tubule
C)   distal convoluted tubule
D)   glomerular capillaries
E)   collecting ductF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

The ureters pass anterior to the bladder and enter it from below.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)   Arcuate a.→ interlobar a.→ afferent arteriole → interlobular a.
B)   Interlobar a.→ interlobular a.→ segmental a.→ arcuate a.
C)   Segmental a.→ interlobar a.→ arcuate a.→ interlobular a.
D)   Afferent arteriole → interlobular a.→ arcuate a.→ interlobar a.
E)   Segmental a.→ arcuate a.→ interlobar a.→ interlobular a.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following does not contribute to water conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The collecting duct
B)   The countercurrent multiplier
C)   The countercurrent exchange system
D)   Diuretics
E)   The length of the nephronsF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 6

In response to a drop in overall blood pressure,__________ stimulates constriction of the glomerular inlet and even greater constriction of the outlet.

Accepted Answer

A)   azotemia
B)   sodium chloride
C)   parathyroid hormone
D)   aldosterone
E)   angiotensin IIF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Which of the following is not found in the ureter?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adventitia
B)   Two layers of smooth muscle
C)   Three layers of smooth muscle
D)   Transitional epithelium
E)   Skeletal muscleF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Parathyroid hormone increases phosphate excretion by the proximal convoluted tubule as well as promotes synthesis of calcitriol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   reabsorption of all the solute
B)   a renal clearance of zero
C)   a net filtration pressure of 1.0
D)   appearance of that solute in the urine
E)   absence of that solute from the urineF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here,the __________ of one's nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubules
B)   distal convoluted tubules
C)   loops of Henle
D)   collecting ducts
E)   glomeruliF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which organ system does not excrete waste?

Accepted Answer

A)   The urinary system
B)   The cardiovascular system
C)   The integumentary system
D)   The digestive system
E)   The respiratory systemF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 12

Glomerular filtration occurs because glomerular oncotic pressure overrides glomerular blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The thick segment of the nephron loop is impermeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased urine volume
B)   Decreased urine molarity
C)   Increased urine volume
D)   Increased urine salinity
E)   Increased urine acidityF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen,which is released from the _________,to form angiotensin I.

Accepted Answer

A)   lungs
B)   kidneys
C)   liver
D)   heart
E)   spleenF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The __________ is not a portion of the urethra.

Accepted Answer

A)   external urethral orifice
B)   internal urethral sphincter
C)   prostatic urethra
D)   membranous urethra
E)   spongy urethraF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

The __________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its __________ innervation is unknown.

Accepted Answer

A)   sympathetic;parasympathetic
B)   parasympathetic;sympathetic
C)   central;peripheral
D)   peripheral;central
E)   enteric;somaticF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   supply salt and urea to the renal medulla
B)   supply nutrients and oxygen to the renal cortex
C)   supply nutrients and oxygen to the renal medulla
D)   remove metabolic wastes from the renal cortex
E)   remove metabolic wastes from the renal medullaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Aldosterone acts on the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   medullary portion of the collecting duct
C)   descending limb of the nephron loop
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   glomerulusF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 23: The Urinary System

Glomerular filtration occurs because glomerular oncotic pressure overrides glomerular blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ureters pass anterior to the bladder and enter it from below.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organ system does not excrete waste?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aldosterone acts on the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone increases phosphate excretion by the proximal convoluted tubule as well as promotes synthesis of calcitriol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not found in the ureter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thick segment of the nephron loop is impermeable to water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ is not a portion of the urethra.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its __________ innervation is unknown.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here,the __________ of one's nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not contribute to water conservation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In response to a drop in overall blood pressure,__________ stimulates constriction of the glomerular inlet and even greater constriction of the outlet.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organ system excretes nitrogenous wastes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen,which is released from the _________,to form angiotensin I.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production,while the function of its innervation is unknown.

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