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Following is consumption schedules for three private closed economies. DI signifies disposable income and C represents consumption expenditures. All figures are in billions of dollars. Following is consumption schedules for three private closed economies. DI signifies disposable income and C represents consumption expenditures. All figures are in billions of dollars.    -Refer to the above data. Suppose that consumption increased by $2 billion at each level of DI in each of the three countries. We can conclude that the: A)  marginal propensity to consume will remain unchanged in each of the three countries. B)  marginal propensity to consume will decline in each of the three countries. C)  average propensity to save will fall at each level of DI in each of the three countries. D)  marginal propensity to save will rise in each of the three countries. -Refer to the above data. Suppose that consumption increased by $2 billion at each level of DI in each of the three countries. We can conclude that the:


A) marginal propensity to consume will remain unchanged in each of the three countries.
B) marginal propensity to consume will decline in each of the three countries.
C) average propensity to save will fall at each level of DI in each of the three countries.
D) marginal propensity to save will rise in each of the three countries.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Suppose the consumption schedule is: C = 20 + .9Y, where C is consumption and Y is disposable income. -Refer to the above data. At an $800 level of disposable income, the level of saving is:


A) $180.
B) $740.
C) $60.
D) $18.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Suppose the government finds it can increase equilibrium real GDP by $45 billion by increasing government purchases by $18 billion. On the basis of this information we can say that the:


A) MPS in this economy is .4.
B) MPC in this economy is .4.
C) MPC in this economy is .3
D) multiplier is 3.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The simple multiplier applies:


A) only when an inflationary gap exists.
B) to shifts in the consumption and investment schedules.
C) only to shifts in the investment schedule.
D) only to shifts in the consumption schedule.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The following table illustrates the multiplier process in a private closed economy: The following table illustrates the multiplier process in a private closed economy:    -Refer to the above table. The change in income in round two will be: A)  $4. B)  $16. C)  $20. D)  $24. -Refer to the above table. The change in income in round two will be:


A) $4.
B) $16.
C) $20.
D) $24.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The multiplier effect indicates that:


A) a decline in the interest rate will cause a proportionately larger increase in investment.
B) a change in aggregate expenditures will change aggregate income by a larger amount.
C) a change in aggregate expenditures will increase aggregate income by the same amount.
D) a small increase in total income will generate a large change in aggregate expenditures.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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As aggregate income increases, the APC:


A) and APS will both increase.
B) will decrease, but the APS will increase.
C) will increase, but the APS will decrease.
D) and APS will both decrease.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The numerical value of the multiplier will be smaller the:


A) larger the average propensity to consume.
B) larger the slope of the saving schedule.
C) larger the slope of the consumption schedule.
D) smaller the slope of the saving schedule.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The equation for the above saving schedule is:


A) Yd = -20 + .8S.
B) Yd = 20 + .2S.
C) S = 20 + .8Yd.
D) S = -20 + .2Yd.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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  -Refer to the above diagram. At disposable income level D, consumption: A)  is equal to CD. B)  is equal to OD minus CD. C)  is equal to CD/OD. D)  is equal to CD plus BD. -Refer to the above diagram. At disposable income level D, consumption:


A) is equal to CD.
B) is equal to OD minus CD.
C) is equal to CD/OD.
D) is equal to CD plus BD.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The consumption schedule in the diagram below indicates that: The consumption schedule in the diagram below indicates that:   A)  consumers will maximize their satisfaction where the consumption schedule and 45° line intersect. B)  up to a point consumption exceeds income, but then falls below income. C)  the MPC falls as income increases. D)  households consume as much as they earn.


A) consumers will maximize their satisfaction where the consumption schedule and 45° line intersect.
B) up to a point consumption exceeds income, but then falls below income.
C) the MPC falls as income increases.
D) households consume as much as they earn.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Assume the consumption schedule for a private closed economy is C = 40 + 0.75Y, where C is consumption and Y is gross domestic product. The multiplier for this economy:


A) is 3.
B) is 4.
C) is 5.
D) cannot be determined from the information given.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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  -Refer to the above diagram. At income level F the volume of saving is: A)  BD. B)  AB. C)  CF - BF. D)  DC. -Refer to the above diagram. At income level F the volume of saving is:


A) BD.
B) AB.
C) CF - BF.
D) DC.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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As disposable income goes up the:


A) APC falls.
B) APS falls.
C) volume of consumption declines absolutely.
D) volume of investment can be expected to diminish.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Refer to the data below. The MPS is: Refer to the data below. The MPS is:   A)  7/10. B)  3/10. C)  2/5. D)  3/5.


A) 7/10.
B) 3/10.
C) 2/5.
D) 3/5.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The multiplier is useful in determining the:


A) full-employment unemployment rate.
B) level of unintended investment or disinvestment.
C) rate of inflation.
D) change in equilibrium GDP resulting from a change in spending.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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  -Refer to the above diagram. The MPC is constant as income rises for: A)  none of the consumption schedules shown. B)  C<sub>3</sub> only. C)  C<sub>1</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>, and C<sub>3</sub> only. D)  C<sub>4</sub> only. -Refer to the above diagram. The MPC is constant as income rises for:


A) none of the consumption schedules shown.
B) C3 only.
C) C1, C2, and C3 only.
D) C4 only.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The saving schedule is drawn on the assumption that as income increases:


A) saving will decline absolutely and as a percentage of income.
B) saving will increase absolutely, but remain constant as a percentage of income.
C) saving will increase absolutely, but decline as a percentage of income.
D) saving will increase absolutely and as a percentage of income.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The investment-demand curve will shift to the right as a result of:


A) an increase in the excess productive capacity available in industry.
B) an increase in business taxes.
C) technological progress.
D) an increase in the acquisition and maintenance cost of capital goods.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following relations is not correct?


A) 1 - MPC = MPS
B) MPS = MPC + 1
C) APS + APC = 1
D) MPC + MPS = 1

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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