Question 1

Which of the following is not a way in which rural areas may be sustainable?

Accepted Answer

A)   planting of native grasses to rebuild the soil
B)   planting of trees next to land used for agriculture to break the wind and protect the soil from erosion
C)   use of cover crops to stabilize the soil between growing seasons
D)   restoration and maintenance of wetlands to lessen runoff and alleviate flooding
E)   increasing use of extensive irrigation techniques to nurture demanding cropsF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Hydropower and wind power are similar in that both are

Accepted Answer

A)   nonrenewable energy sources.
B)   renewable energy sources.
C)   commonly used worldwide as power sources.
D)   dependent in part on fossil fuels.
E)   sources of environmental pollution.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is not an example of measures that may make urban environments sustainable?

Accepted Answer

A)   development of more energy-efficient means of transportation
B)   utilization of "green roofs"
C)   creation of "greenbelts"
D)   development of new sections in cities as older ones become dilapidated and unusable
E)   use of native species in landscaping that require less maintenance and attract bees and butterfliesF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Knowledge of both basic biology and applied biology are needed to support conservation biology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Extensive irrigation may contribute to desertification because

Accepted Answer

A)   the water dissolves soil nutrients, making them unavailable to plants.
B)   water used in irrigation leaves behind toxic substances in the soil.
C)   runoff of water leaves silt deposits behind, which reduce the ability of plants to grow.
D)   a reduction of water available in the aquifer lowers lake, river, and stream levels.
E)   evaporation of water used in irrigation causes salinization of the land, reducing the ability of plants to grow.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is a drawback to the use of hydropower?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydropower consumes more fossil fuels than power plants fueled solely by fossil fuels.
B)   More countries derive more power from fossil fuels as compared to hydropower.
C)   Hydropower causes more pollution than fossil fuels, such as coal or oil.
D)   Hydropower is less efficient as compared to fossil fuels, such as coal or oil.
E)   Water levels below dams are reduced, and large dams disrupt upstream ecosystems.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

The increased efficiency of fishing has led to

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of biodiversity in fish and other species.
B)   decreased yields from fishing.
C)   increased biodiversity of aquatic animals other than fish.
D)   increased nutritional deficiencies in the human population.
E)   decreased need for agriculture.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Most of the world's freshwater supply is used for

Accepted Answer

A)   drinking water by humans.
B)   bathing by humans.
C)   irrigating crops.
D)   drinking water for livestock.
E)   boating and recreation.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following is a consequence of removing water from aquifers?

Accepted Answer

A)   land subsidence including sinkhole formation
B)   loss of habitat for aquatic organisms
C)   lowering of sea levels
D)   water seepage into underground rock beds
E)   sediment buildupF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following groups is suspected of causing climate change?

Accepted Answer

A)   fossil fuel usage, deforestation, and agriculture
B)   overfishing and hydropower usage
C)   fossil fuel and hydropower usage
D)   salinization and desertification
E)   erosion, deforestation, pollution, and salinizationF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Conservation biology supports all of the following ethical principles except

Accepted Answer

A)   all animals have the same rights or legal status as humans.
B)   biodiversity is desirable for the biosphere and humans.
C)   biodiversity has value in and of itself regardless of any practical benefit to humans.
D)   extinction due to human actions are undesirable.
E)   the complex interactions of ecosystems support biodiversity and are desirable.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following would have the greatest influence in creating a more sustainable urban society?

Accepted Answer

A)   improving the efficiency of water filtration systems in order to decrease our consumption of freshwater
B)   increasing fuel efficiency in our vehicles so we can decrease the consumption of fossil fuels
C)   decreasing the amount of environmental pollution produced by industry
D)   decreasing the amount of land that is altered in order to accommodate human desires new homes, factories, agriculture, etc.) 
E)   exploring alternative energy sources that are more environmentally favorable i.e., solar, hydropower, etc.) F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Which indirect value of biodiversity will have the greatest economical value to people?

Accepted Answer

A)   a twenty-hectare marshland that acts as a sponge for rainwater
B)   the ecotourism market in the United States
C)   two hundred hectares of wetlands in Canada that soak up pollutants and purify water
D)   forests that decrease erosion along the banks of rivers in the Philippines
E)   a row of trees that act as a wind block on the northwest side of our homes, decreasing our need for air conditioning and cooling systems in the summerF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

A disproportionately large percentage of resources in more-developed countries MDCs)  goes to

Accepted Answer

A)   growing crops.
B)   providing water.
C)   growing livestock.
D)   cleaning sewage.
E)   pest and weed control.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The major cause of the loss in Earth's biodiversity is

Accepted Answer

A)   fossil fuel usage.
B)   pollution.
C)   habitat loss.
D)   overfishing and water pollution.
E)   agricultural runoff.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Agriculture, industrial use, and domestic use are the largest uses of freshwater supplies, in that order.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The world today derives the majority of its energy from which of the following sources?

Accepted Answer

A)   coal and oil
B)   hydropower and nuclear power
C)   hydropower
D)   nuclear power
E)   wind and solar powerF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following explanations about the financial impact of biodiversity on the economy is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Protecting biodiversity prevents damage to farms due to the alleviation of flooding and siltation problems.
B)   Many communities are utilizing biodiversity to assist in wastewater treatment, both lowering costs and protecting the environment in the process.
C)   Loss of biodiversity in many areas of the world has led to increases in local and global average temperatures global warming) .
D)   Protecting biodiversity has decreased the amount of freshwater available to human populations because of the "sponge effect."
E)   Protecting biodiversity has led to new industries in ecotourism, adding billions of dollars to the economy annually.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

How does the use of minerals such as metals differ from the use of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fossil fuels are more plentiful than metals and are depleted more slowly.
B)   Metals can be extracted by strip mining, while fossil fuels may not.
C)   Many metals may be recycled, decreasing the necessity for finding new reserves, unlike fossil fuels, which cannot be recycled.
D)   The mining of metals is not as destructive to the environment as the mining of fossil fuels.
E)   The recycling of fossil fuels is more economically feasible than the recycling of metals.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of pollution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Turkeys enter a field and eat some of the seeds scattered on the ground.
B)   A heavy rain occurs, resulting in some ponding of water.
C)   Small amounts of iron leach from rocks in a streambed, increasing the amount of dissolved iron in the water.
D)   Leftover minerals from ores are left along a streambed, allowing leftover traces of the mineral to run off into the stream after heavy rains.
E)   Deer cross a stream, disturbing the sand and silt on the streambed, making the water muddy and cloudy.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Exam 32: Human Impact on the Biosphere

Hydropower and wind power are similar in that both are

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Conservation biology supports all of the following ethical principles except

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Which of the following is an example of pollution?

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The world today derives the majority of its energy from which of the following sources?

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Which of the following is not an example of measures that may make urban environments sustainable?

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Knowledge of both basic biology and applied biology are needed to support conservation biology.

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How does the use of minerals such as metals differ from the use of fossil fuels?

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Extensive irrigation may contribute to desertification because

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The major cause of the loss in Earth's biodiversity is

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Which of the following is a consequence of removing water from aquifers?

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Which of the following is not a way in which rural areas may be sustainable?

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Agriculture, industrial use, and domestic use are the largest uses of freshwater supplies, in that order.

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The increased efficiency of fishing has led to

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Which of the following would have the greatest influence in creating a more sustainable urban society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explanations about the financial impact of biodiversity on the economy is not correct?

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Which indirect value of biodiversity will have the greatest economical value to people?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disproportionately large percentage of resources in more-developed countries MDCs) goes to

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Which of the following is a drawback to the use of hydropower?

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Most of the world's freshwater supply is used for

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Which of the following groups is suspected of causing climate change?

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