A) feathers
B) tail with vertebrae
C) teeth
D) teeth and a tail with vertebrae
E) feathers and teeth Archaeopteryx possessed feathers considered bird characteristics) and teeth which are not present in today's birds but are typical of reptiles) . A tail with vertebrae is also a reptilian characteristic.
G) A) and C)
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A) All life is related.
B) Shared ancestral traits.
C) Convergent evolution occurred in the ancient past.
D) Natural selection happened long ago just as it does today.
E) All transitional links are now extinct. Transitional fossils possess traits of two distinct groups illustrating that the two groups evolved from this common ancestor.
G) A) and E)
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A) the vestigial organ is unique to one species.
B) the vestigial organ is similar to a functional organ in a related species, having been passed down from a common ancestor.
C) both the vestigial organ and the functional organ perform the same function.
D) the vestigial organ could not have been passed down from an ancestor.
E) the vestigial organs represent variation in a species. Vestigial organs are organs that are not useful to the organism but are still part of its anatomy. An ancestor possessed the organ at a time when it served an important function. As the environment changed, the organ was no longer needed for survival, but organisms still inherit the structure.
G) C) and D)
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A) Malthus described the reproduction of elephants to Darwin.
B) Malthus explained how variation was maintained within populations.
C) Malthus illustrated that some individuals possessed favorable traits while others did not.
D) Malthus wrote a detailed history of artificial selection examples.
E) Malthus proposed that the human population grows faster than the food supply, meaning that death and famine are inevitable. The socioeconomist Thomas Malthus described that the human population grew faster than the food supply and death and famine were inevitable. Darwin applied this concept to organisms that overproduce and struggle to survive in an environment with limited resources.
G) C) and D)
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