Question 1

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  a teenager
B)  a non-depressed person
C)  an elderly person
D)  a depressed personE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It's all my fault."
B)  "It's going to last forever."
C)  "The whole world is against me."
D)  "It's going to affect everything I do."E) A) and B)
F) None of the above B

Question 3

Shy people tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  make a good first impression.
B)  depersonalize social situations.
C)  become less well-liked over time.
D)  be self-conscious.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following theories most clearly predicts that we will feel anxious when we are motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning theory
B)  self-presentation theory
C)  self-perception theory
D)  cognitive dissonance theoryE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Accepted Answer

A)  are alone most of the time.
B)  have lost a significant relationship.
C)  have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire.
D)  are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n) _______ function.

Accepted Answer

A)  anger-reducing
B)  self-handicapping
C)  concurrence-seeking
D)  group-identificationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _______ explanatory style.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative
B)  positive
C)  realistic
D)  repressiveE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  depressed moods cause negative thinking
B)  negative thinking causes depressed moods
C)  depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments
D)  depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moodsE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

,near-epidemic levels of depression in America today,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Accepted Answer

A)  "Everybody needs somebody sometime."
B)  "You can make it on your own."
C)  "You're nobody if nobody loves you."
D)  "Eat,drink,and be merry,for tomorrow we die."E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she notes both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _______ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  rose-colored-glasses
B)  sadder-but-wiser
C)  head-in-the-clouds
D)  feet-on-the-groundE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the components of a pessimistic explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  "This is all my fault."
B)  "I've learned my lesson."
C)  "This is going to ruin everything."
D)  "Things are going to be terrible from now on."E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are

Accepted Answer

A)  motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so.
B)  motivated and able to impress others,but they ignore us.
C)  in any circumstance in which we can be observed.
D)  depressed.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B) A

Question 13

Having shy or anxious people observe,then rehearse,then try out more assertive behaviors in real situations is called

Accepted Answer

A)  foot-in-the-door training.
B)  rational-emotive therapy.
C)  social skills training.
D)  explanatory style therapy.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

examined how depressed individuals view the extent of their personal control over events.Their results provided evidence of the phenomenon known as

Accepted Answer

A)  optimistic well-being.
B)  pessimistic exaggeration.
C)  depressive realism.
D)  learned helplessness.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

,which of the following does NOT belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-focus
B)  self-blame
C)  depressed mood
D)  defensive pessimismE) A) and D)
F) C) and D) D

Question 16

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say,

Accepted Answer

A)  "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know."
B)  "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly."
C)  "I'm incompetent and probably always will be."
D)  "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Accepted Answer

A)  become dependent on their therapist.
B)  reduce their social anxiety.
C)  concentrate on their social incompetence.
D)  become more shy 6 months after treatment.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or a setback illustrates the global quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It's my fault."
B)  "It's going to last forever."
C)  "It's going to affect everything I do."
D)  "It's the same with everybody."E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Accepted Answer

A)  unstable.
B)  specific.
C)  internal.
D)  situational.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

had depressed and nondepressed students observe whether pressing a button was linked with a light blinking and found that depressed students

Accepted Answer

A)  were too self-focused to complete the task.
B)  were quite accurate at assessing their control.
C)  exaggerated the extent of their control of the light.
D)  underestimated the extent of their control of the light.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 11: Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Shy people tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following theories most clearly predicts that we will feel anxious when we are motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n) _______ function.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _______ explanatory style.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

,near-epidemic levels of depression in America today,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she notes both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _______ effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the components of a pessimistic explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Having shy or anxious people observe,then rehearse,then try out more assertive behaviors in real situations is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

examined how depressed individuals view the extent of their personal control over events.Their results provided evidence of the phenomenon known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

,which of the following does NOT belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or a setback illustrates the global quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

had depressed and nondepressed students observe whether pressing a button was linked with a light blinking and found that depressed students

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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A

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D

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