Question 1

_____ is BEST known for developing the concept of biological species.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lewontin
B)  Darwin
C)  Mayr
D)  Fisher
E)  BushF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

_____ represent the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Alignments
B)  Nodes
C)  Synonymous rates of substitution
D)  Phylogenetic trees
E)  Species conceptsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Suppose that in a population the frequency of a particular recessive condition is 1/400.Assume the presence of only a dominant allele (A) and a recessive allele (a) in the population and that the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.What is the frequency of the recessive allele that causes the condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  0) 000625
B)  0) 0025
C)  0) 025
D)  0) 05
E)  0) 95F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

In overdominance, the HIGHEST fitness is found in which genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homozygote for the dominant allele
B)  Homozygote for the recessive allele
C)  Heterozygote
D)  Mutant
E)  Inbred recessiveF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 5

What effect does mutation have on a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  It creates or increases genetic variation.
B)  It promotes the fixation of alleles.
C)  It reduces the amount of genetic variation.
D)  It homogenizes genetic variation across populations.
E)  It increases rates of outcrossing.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

The evolutionary force of _____ tends to increase genetic variation within a population but decrease genetic variation between populations, while the evolutionary force of _____ tends to decrease genetic variation within a population but increase genetic variation among populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  migration; genetic drift
B)  mutation; some types of natural selection
C)  genetic drift; migration
D)  some types of natural selection; mutation
E)  positive assortative mating; negative assortative matingF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

If there are two alleles, A and a, in a population and the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which frequency of A would produce the greatest frequency of heterozygotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  0) 1
B)  0) 25
C)  0) 5
D)  0) 75
E)  1F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which agent of evolution tends to reduce genetic variation between populations and increase genetic variation within each population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection
B)  Mutation
C)  Migration
D)  Inbreeding
E)  Genetic driftF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

What two factors are thought to play a critical role in sympatric speciation? Explain how they lead to sympatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

Sympatric speciation can be accomplished...

Question 10

The only way for evolution to take place is if there is _____ within a population.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonrandom mating
B)  natural selection
C)  genetic drift
D)  Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
E)  genetic variationF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

_____ characteristics evolved from the same character in a common ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A)  Similar
B)  Paralogous
C)  Homologous
D)  Phylogenetic
E)  ParsimoniousF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 12

_____ speciation arises in the absence of any geographic barrier to gene flow.

Accepted Answer

A)  Autocratic
B)  Allopatric
C)  Sympatric
D)  Parapatric
E)  PeripatricF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 13

_____ increases the frequency of homozygotes in a population compared to the results of random mating.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inbreeding
B)  Migration
C)  Outcrossing
D)  Genetic drift
E)  Directional selectionF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The _____ concept defines a species as a group of organisms that are capable of exchanging genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  morphospecies
B)  phylogenetic species
C)  biological species
D)  cladogenic species
E)  evolutionary speciesF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

All of the following are examples of prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  a cat trying to mate with a lion.
B)  a male fiddler crab waving its claw to attract a mate.
C)  the hybrid offspring of two species dying before birth.
D)  fireflies flashing their light-emitting organs.
E)  two plant species flowering at different times.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Of the various evolutionary forces, _____ is responsible for the origin of new genetic variation in a species.

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection
B)  genetic drift
C)  mutation
D)  migration
E)  nonrandom matingF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Based on careful inspection of the genetic code, why might the second position of a codon have the lowest rate of substitutions in a gene?

Accepted Answer

The highest rates of substitutions occur...

Question 18

_____ has the effect of homogenizing allele frequencies among populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Migration
B)  Sampling error
C)  Directional selection
D)  Assortative mating
E)  Selection-mutation equilibriumF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The relatively small amount of genetic differentiation among some species suggests that many phenotypic differences reflect changes in _____ rather than the evolution of new genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  gene expression
B)  gene duplication
C)  exon shuffling
D)  whole-genome duplication
E)  horizontal gene transferF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

For most protein-encoding genes, the synonymous rate of change is considerably higher than the nonsynonymous rate.In comparing two taxa, how might you interpret the evolutionary history of a gene if the nonsynonymous rate of change was higher than the synonymous rate?

Accepted Answer

The expectation that the synonymous rate...

Exam 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics

_____ increases the frequency of homozygotes in a population compared to the results of random mating.

Correct Answer
verified

_____ characteristics evolved from the same character in a common ancestor.

Correct Answer
verified

Which agent of evolution tends to reduce genetic variation between populations and increase genetic variation within each population?

Correct Answer
verified

_____ represent the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.

Correct Answer
verified

The _____ concept defines a species as a group of organisms that are capable of exchanging genes.

Correct Answer
verified

What effect does mutation have on a population?

Correct Answer
verified

The only way for evolution to take place is if there is _____ within a population.

Correct Answer
verified

If there are two alleles, A and a, in a population and the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which frequency of A would produce the greatest frequency of heterozygotes?

Correct Answer
verified

_____ is BEST known for developing the concept of biological species.

Correct Answer
verified

What two factors are thought to play a critical role in sympatric speciation? Explain how they lead to sympatric speciation.

Correct Answer
verified
Sympatric speciation can be accomplished...
View Answer

_____ has the effect of homogenizing allele frequencies among populations.

Correct Answer
verified

The evolutionary force of _ tends to increase genetic variation within a population but decrease genetic variation between populations, while the evolutionary force of _ tends to decrease genetic variation within a population but increase genetic variation among populations.

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are examples of prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Based on careful inspection of the genetic code, why might the second position of a codon have the lowest rate of substitutions in a gene?

Correct Answer
verified
The highest rates of substitutions occur...
View Answer

_____ speciation arises in the absence of any geographic barrier to gene flow.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

For most protein-encoding genes, the synonymous rate of change is considerably higher than the nonsynonymous rate.In comparing two taxa, how might you interpret the evolutionary history of a gene if the nonsynonymous rate of change was higher than the synonymous rate?

Correct Answer
verified
The expectation that the synonymous rate...
View Answer

Of the various evolutionary forces, _____ is responsible for the origin of new genetic variation in a species.

Correct Answer
verified

In overdominance, the HIGHEST fitness is found in which genotype?

Correct Answer
verified

The relatively small amount of genetic differentiation among some species suggests that many phenotypic differences reflect changes in _____ rather than the evolution of new genes.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics

_____ increases the frequency of homozygotes in a population compared to the results of random mating.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ characteristics evolved from the same character in a common ancestor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which agent of evolution tends to reduce genetic variation between populations and increase genetic variation within each population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ represent the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ concept defines a species as a group of organisms that are capable of exchanging genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does mutation have on a population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only way for evolution to take place is if there is _____ within a population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If there are two alleles, A and a, in a population and the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which frequency of A would produce the greatest frequency of heterozygotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is BEST known for developing the concept of biological species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What two factors are thought to play a critical role in sympatric speciation? Explain how they lead to sympatric speciation.

Correct AnswerverifiedSympatric speciation can be accomplished...View AnswerShow Answer

_____ has the effect of homogenizing allele frequencies among populations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The evolutionary force of _____ tends to increase genetic variation within a population but decrease genetic variation between populations, while the evolutionary force of _____ tends to decrease genetic variation within a population but increase genetic variation among populations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are examples of prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on careful inspection of the genetic code, why might the second position of a codon have the lowest rate of substitutions in a gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe highest rates of substitutions occur...View AnswerShow Answer

_____ speciation arises in the absence of any geographic barrier to gene flow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For most protein-encoding genes, the synonymous rate of change is considerably higher than the nonsynonymous rate.In comparing two taxa, how might you interpret the evolutionary history of a gene if the nonsynonymous rate of change was higher than the synonymous rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe expectation that the synonymous rate...View AnswerShow Answer

Of the various evolutionary forces, _____ is responsible for the origin of new genetic variation in a species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In overdominance, the HIGHEST fitness is found in which genotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relatively small amount of genetic differentiation among some species suggests that many phenotypic differences reflect changes in _____ rather than the evolution of new genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Sympatric speciation can be accomplished...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

The evolutionary force of _ tends to increase genetic variation within a population but decrease genetic variation between populations, while the evolutionary force of _ tends to decrease genetic variation within a population but increase genetic variation among populations.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The highest rates of substitutions occur...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The expectation that the synonymous rate...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified