Question 1

Why do physicians prescribe diuretic drugs to patients with high blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diuretic drugs decrease urine flow and the more fluid and watery blood is easier to pump.
B)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and decrease the blood volume that must be pumped.
C)  Diuretic drugs decrease urine flow and the kidney does not have to work as hard.
D)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and the loss of nitrogenous wastes helps the heart.
E)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and salt loss.Salt is bad for the heart.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which is NOT a correct step in the hormone regulation of blood pressure and reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  When blood volume and pressure are low,the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin.
B)  When blood pressure is high,the heart atria secrete ANH.
C)  High blood pressure causes the kidneys to secrete aldosterone.
D)  Renin leads to production of angiotensin I and II and eventual reabsorption of sodium ions and water.
E)  If you drink more water,the pituitary reduces ADH and more water and urine are excreted.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E) C

Question 3

If the blood is alkaline,

Accepted Answer

A)  more hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions are excreted.
B)  less hydrogen ions and more bicarbonate ions are reabsorbed.
C)  less hydrogen ions are excreted and less bicarbonate are reabsorbed.
D)  the kidneys reabsorb increased amounts of water.
E)  the diet must be low in necessary acids.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

The concentration of protein in the blood is higher in postglomerular blood as compared with that in arterial blood because

Accepted Answer

A)  protein is digested in the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule.
B)  the kidney manufactures protein.
C)  reabsorption of protein occurs.
D)  as water passes into the capsule,the concentration of protein in the blood will increase.
E)  water is a small molecule.F) None of the above
G) A) and D) D

Question 5

Which of the following is the main difference between the urinary system of males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men have two urethras,while women have only one urethra.
B)  The urethra is shorter in females.
C)  Men have longer ureters than females.
D)  Kidneys tend to be larger in females.
E)  The female urethra passes through the prostate gland.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 6

The cells of the distal convoluted tubules have numerous mitochondria to support active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Each kidney has about one thousand structural units called nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Nitrogenous wastes are produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  the breakdown of complex sugars.
B)  salts that are not incorporated in cellular metabolism.
C)  production of proteins.
D)  breakdown of proteins.
E)  production of nucleic acids.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The overall effect of renin release will be to

Accepted Answer

A)  lower blood pressure.
B)  lower blood volume.
C)  convert angiotensin II into angiotensin I.
D)  inhibit aldosterone secretion.
E)  increase blood pressure for homeostasis.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Explain the role of ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone)in homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

ANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...

Question 11

One morning when Jon is urinating,he experiences an incredible stabbing pain in his groin.What is most likely causing this pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  a bladder infection
B)  kidney failure
C)  inflammation of the urethra
D)  bladder cancer
E)  a kidney stone,perhaps stuck in the urethraF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

The urethra serves what other body system in males?

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine
B)  lymphatic
C)  reproductive
D)  digestive
E)  immuneF) C) and E)
G) A) and C) C

Question 13

The inner layer of the glomerular capsule is composed of renocytes that have long cytoplasmic extensions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

How many openings does the bladder have?

Accepted Answer

A)  one
B)  two
C)  three
D)  four
E)  fiveF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Which mechanism used to form urine requires a high blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration
B)  tubular reabsorption
C)  tubular secretion
D)  phagocytosis
E)  countercurrent mechanismF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Normally,concentrations of wastes,such as urea,are

Accepted Answer

A)  high in urine in comparison to plasma.
B)  high in the filtrate but low in urine.
C)  in trace amounts in urine but are high in blood.
D)  not in the filtrate but are present in low concentrations in the urine.
E)  only found in the excretory organs where they originate from metabolism.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

The bladder is expandable because it contains layers of elastic fibers embedded in thick layers of connective tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The liquid that collects in the cavity of the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is

Accepted Answer

A)  concentrated urine.
B)  blood plasma minus blood proteins.
C)  old bile ready for excretion.
D)  glycogen and water.
E)  albumin.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostate enlargement-decreased urethral flow
B)  cystitis-bladder infection
C)  pyelonephritis-urethral infection
D)  uremia-nephron damage
E)  kidney stones-granules in the renal pelvisF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Urine excreted from the body should be sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: Urinary System and Excretion

Why do physicians prescribe diuretic drugs to patients with high blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT a correct step in the hormone regulation of blood pressure and reabsorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

If the blood is alkaline,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of protein in the blood is higher in postglomerular blood as compared with that in arterial blood because

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following is the main difference between the urinary system of males and females?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cells of the distal convoluted tubules have numerous mitochondria to support active transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each kidney has about one thousand structural units called nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrogenous wastes are produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The overall effect of renin release will be to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the role of ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone)in homeostasis.

Correct AnswerverifiedANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...View AnswerShow Answer

One morning when Jon is urinating,he experiences an incredible stabbing pain in his groin.What is most likely causing this pain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The urethra serves what other body system in males?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The inner layer of the glomerular capsule is composed of renocytes that have long cytoplasmic extensions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many openings does the bladder have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which mechanism used to form urine requires a high blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally,concentrations of wastes,such as urea,are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bladder is expandable because it contains layers of elastic fibers embedded in thick layers of connective tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The liquid that collects in the cavity of the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine excreted from the body should be sterile.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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D

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ANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...
View Answer

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C

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